Which is safer-staying at home， traveling to work on public transport， or working in the office? Surprisingly， each of these carries the same risk， which is very low. However， what about flying compared to working in the chemical industry? Unfortunately， the former is 65 times riskier than the latter! In fact， the accident rate of workers in the chemical industry is less than that of almost any of human activity， and almost as safe as staying at home. The trouble with the chemical industry is that when things go wrong they often cause death to those living nearby. It is this which makes chemical accidents so newsworthy. Fortunately， they are extremely rare. The most famous ones happened at Texas City (1947)，Flixborough (1974)， Seveso (1976)， Pemex (1984) and Bhopal (1984)。 Some of these are always in the minds of the people even though the loss of life was small. No one died at Seveso， and only 28 workers at Flixborough. The worst accident of all was Bhopal， where up to 3，000 were killed. The Texas City explosion of fertilizer killed 552. The Pemex fire at a storage plant for natural gas in the suburbs of Mexico City took 542 lives， just a month before the unfortunate event at Bhopal. Some experts have discussed these accidents and used each accident to illustrate a particular danger. Thus the Texas City explosion was caused by tons of ammonium nitrate(硝酸铵)，which is safe unless stored in great quantity. The Flixborough fireball was the fault of management， which took risks to keep production going during essential repairs. The Seveso accident shows what happens if the local authorities lack knowledge of the danger on their doorstep. When the poisonous gas drifted over the town， local leaders were incapable of taking effective action. The Pemex fire was made worse by an overloaded site in an overcrowded suburb. The fire set off a chain reaction os exploding storage tanks. Yet， by a miracle， the two largest tanks did not explode. Had these caught fire， then 3，000 strong rescue team and fire fighters would all have died. 1.Chemical accidents are usually important enough to be reported as news because ____. A.they are very rare B.they often cause loss of life C.they always occur in big cities D.they arouse the interest of all the readers 2.Which of the following statements is true? A.Working at the office is safer than staying at home. B.Traverlling to work on public transport is safer than working at the office. C.Staying at home is safer than working in the chemical industry. D.Working in the chemical industry is safer than traveling by air. 3.According to passage， the chemical accident that caused by the fault of management happened at ____. A.Texas city B.Flixborough C.Seveso D.Mexico City 4.From the discussion among some experts we may coclude that ____. A.to avoid any accidents we should not repair the facilities in chemical industry B.the local authorities should not be concerned with the production of the chemical industry C.all these accidents could have been avoided or controlled if effective measure had been taken D.natural gas stored in very large tanks is always safe 5.From the passage we know that ammonium nitrate is a kind of ____. A.natural gas， which can easily catch fire B.fertilizer， which can't be stored in a great quantity C.poisonous substance， which can't be used in overcrowded areas D.fuel， which is stored in large tanks-查字典考试网

Which is safer-staying at home， traveling to work on public transport， or working in the office? Surprisingly， each of these carries the same risk， which is very low. However， what about flying compared to working in the chemical industry? Unfortunately， the former is 65 times riskier than the latter! In fact， the accident rate of workers in the chemical industry is less than that of almost any of human activity， and almost as safe as staying at home. The trouble with the chemical industry is that when things go wrong they often cause death to those living nearby. It is this which makes chemical accidents so newsworthy. Fortunately， they are extremely rare. The most famous ones happened at Texas City (1947)，Flixborough (1974)， Seveso (1976)， Pemex (1984) and Bhopal (1984)。 Some of these are always in the minds of the people even though the loss of life was small. No one died at Seveso， and only 28 workers at Flixborough. The worst accident of all was Bhopal， where up to 3，000 were killed. The Texas City explosion of fertilizer killed 552. The Pemex fire at a storage plant for natural gas in the suburbs of Mexico City took 542 lives， just a month before the unfortunate event at Bhopal. Some experts have discussed these accidents and used each accident to illustrate a particular danger. Thus the Texas City explosion was caused by tons of ammonium nitrate(硝酸铵)，which is safe unless stored in great quantity. The Flixborough fireball was the fault of management， which took risks to keep production going during essential repairs. The Seveso accident shows what happens if the local authorities lack knowledge of the danger on their doorstep. When the poisonous gas drifted over the town， local leaders were incapable of taking effective action. The Pemex fire was made worse by an overloaded site in an overcrowded suburb. The fire set off a chain reaction os exploding storage tanks. Yet， by a miracle， the two largest tanks did not explode. Had these caught fire， then 3，000 strong rescue team and fire fighters would all have died. 1.Chemical accidents are usually important enough to be reported as news because ____. A.they are very rare B.they often cause loss of life C.they always occur in big cities D.they arouse the interest of all the readers 2.Which of the following statements is true? A.Working at the office is safer than staying at home. B.Traverlling to work on public transport is safer than working at the office. C.Staying at home is safer than working in the chemical industry. D.Working in the chemical industry is safer than traveling by air. 3.According to passage， the chemical accident that caused by the fault of management happened at ____. A.Texas city B.Flixborough C.Seveso D.Mexico City 4.From the discussion among some experts we may coclude that ____. A.to avoid any accidents we should not repair the facilities in chemical industry B.the local authorities should not be concerned with the production of the chemical industry C.all these accidents could have been avoided or controlled if effective measure had been taken D.natural gas stored in very large tanks is always safe 5.From the passage we know that ammonium nitrate is a kind of ____. A.natural gas， which can easily catch fire B.fertilizer， which can't be stored in a great quantity C.poisonous substance， which can't be used in overcrowded areas D.fuel， which is stored in large tanks

The trouble with the chemical industry is that when things go wrong they often cause death to those living nearby. It is this which makes chemical accidents so newsworthy. Fortunately， they are extremely rare. The most famous ones happened at Texas City (1947)，Flixborough (1974)， Seveso (1976)， Pemex (1984) and Bhopal (1984)。

Some of these are always in the minds of the people even though the loss of life was small. No one died at Seveso， and only 28 workers at Flixborough. The worst accident of all was Bhopal， where up to 3，000 were killed. The Texas City explosion of fertilizer killed 552. The Pemex fire at a storage plant for natural gas in the suburbs of Mexico City took 542 lives， just a month before the unfortunate event at Bhopal.

Some experts have discussed these accidents and used each accident to illustrate a particular danger. Thus the Texas City explosion was caused by tons of ammonium nitrate(硝酸铵)，which is safe unless stored in great quantity. The Flixborough fireball was the fault of management， which took risks to keep production going during essential repairs. The Seveso accident shows what happens if the local authorities lack knowledge of the danger on their doorstep. When the poisonous gas drifted over the town， local leaders were incapable of taking effective action. The Pemex fire was made worse by an overloaded site in an overcrowded suburb. The fire set off a chain reaction os exploding storage tanks. Yet， by a miracle， the two largest tanks did not explode. Had these caught fire， then 3，000 strong rescue team and fire fighters would all have died.

1.Chemical accidents are usually important enough to be reported as news because ____.

A.they are very rare

B.they often cause loss of life

C.they always occur in big cities

D.they arouse the interest of all the readers

2.Which of the following statements is true?

A.Working at the office is safer than staying at home.

B.Traverlling to work on public transport is safer than working at the office.

C.Staying at home is safer than working in the chemical industry.

D.Working in the chemical industry is safer than traveling by air.

3.According to passage， the chemical accident that caused by the fault of management happened at ____.

A.Texas city B.Flixborough C.Seveso D.Mexico City

4.From the discussion among some experts we may coclude that ____.

A.to avoid any accidents we should not repair the facilities in chemical industry

B.the local authorities should not be concerned with the production of the chemical industry

C.all these accidents could have been avoided or controlled if effective measure had been taken

D.natural gas stored in very large tanks is always safe

5.From the passage we know that ammonium nitrate is a kind of ____.

A.natural gas， which can easily catch fire

B.fertilizer， which can't be stored in a great quantity

C.poisonous substance， which can't be used in overcrowded areas

D.fuel， which is stored in large tanks

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正确答案：

1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C 5

答案解析：

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PartIVTranslation

Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

每个人手里都有一张申请表，但却都不知道送往哪个办公室。

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翻译训练：普通话与方言

中国土地广阔，人口众多。尽管全国都讲汉语，但是不同地区的人说汉语的方式不同，这被称为方言。方言一般被称为地方话，是汉语在不同地区的分支，只在特定地区使用。汉语方言非常复杂。它们有以下三方面不同：发音、词汇和语法。发音的区别最为显著。2000多年前，中国人发现社交时应该使用统一的语言。和方言相比，普通话(mandarin)能被所有人理解。普通话有利于不同种族、地区人民之间的信息传递和文化交流。

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PartIIVocabularyandStructure

Directions:Inthisparttherearefortyincompletesentences.Eachsentenceisfollowedbyfourchoices.ChoosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentenceandthenmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.

21.Theteacherthestudentsonatourthroughtheartmuseum.

A.madeB.indicatedC.forcedD.took

22.Tom’sparentsdiedwhenhewasachild,sohewasbyhisrelatives.

A.grownupB.broughtupC.raisedD.fedup

23.Hereismycard.Let’skeepin.

A.touchB.relationC.connectionD.friendship

24.Sofarthereisnoproofpeoplefromotherplanetsdoexist.

A.whichB.howC.whatD.that

25.Thenewspapersreportedyesterdayseveralontheboundariesofthesetwocountries.

A.incidentsB.happeningsC.eventsD.accidents

26.We’veworkedouttheplanandnowwemustputitinto.

A.factB.realityC.practiceD.deed

27.Hedidn’tandsohefailedtheexamination.

A.workenoughhardB.hardworkenoughC.hardenoughworkD.workhardenough

28.NotuntilMr.SmithcametoChinawhatkindofcountrysheis.

A.heknewB.hedidn’tknowC.didheknowD.hecouldn’tknow

29.Scientistssayitmaybetenyearsthismedicinewasputtouse.

A.sinceB.beforeC.afterD.when

30.Insomecountries,iscalled“equality”doesnotreallymeanequalrightsforallpeople.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.how

31.Wedidn’tknowhistelephonenumber,otherwisewehim.

A.wouldtelephoneB.wouldhavetelephone

C.hadtelephonedD.musthavetelephoned

32.We’vemissedthelastbus,I’mafraidwehavenobuttotakeataxi.

A.wayB.possibilityC.choiceD.selection

33.Luckily,mostsheepthefloodlastmonth.

A.enduredB.survivedC.livedD.passed

34.Myparentsalwaysletmehavemyownofliving.

A.wayB.methodC.mannerD.fashion

35.Likeotherlanguageskills,readingrequirespractice.

A.themostofB.muchoftheC.mostoftheD.moreofthe

36.Itisonlythroughpracticeonewillbeabletoswimskillfully.

A.whatB.whoC.thatD.which

37.Thebrainiscapableofignoringpainmessageoftoconcentrateonotheractivities.

A.itallowedB.isitallowedC.allowedD.allowedit

38.Don’tworry,Ihavealreadythemthedecision.

A.informed;withB.informed;ofC.informed;forD.informed;that

39.Thechildwassorryhismotherwhenhearrivedatthestation.

A.tomissB.havingmissedC.missingD.tohavemissed

40.Iwonderwhyhetodiscusstheproblematthemeeting.

A.declinedB.rejectedC.refusedD.delayed

41.Youcanhangupwhatyoulikeonthesewalls.

A.bareB.emptyC.blankD.vacant

42.Accordingtoa,themajoritywouldratherhavenewspaperswithoutagovernmentthanagovernmentwithoutnewspapers.

A.electionB.campaignC.pollD.vote

43.Thepopulationofthevillagehasdecreased150to500.

A.inB.atC.byD.with

44.ItseemsthatthereisthatIcan’tdo.

A.nothingB.anythingC.everythingD.none

45.Theyareoftencaringmoreaboutanimalsthanhumanbeings.

A.accusedifB.accusedwithC.chargedofD.chargedfor

46.agoodbeginningismade,thewordishalfdone.

A.AssoonasB.WhileC.AsD.Once

47.Georgecouldnothisfoolishmistake.

A.accountinB.countonC.countforD.accountfor

48.Wecameintothisfieldlate,sowemustworkhardtothelosttime.

A.makeupforB.makeoutC.keepupwithD.putupwith

49.Thenewlawwillcameintoonthedayitispassed.

A.effectB.useC.serviceD.existence

50.Wecanseparatethemixtureintothepurechemicalcompoundsitiscomposed.

A.inwhichB.ofwhatC.ofwhichD.fromwhich

51.Mrs.Lincolnhasthatsheisunabletogetajob.

A.suchsmalleducationB.solittleeducation

C.asuchlittleeducationD.asosmalleducation

52.Shecan’tpreventherlittleboyshootingbirds.

A.from;toB.on;atC.with;upD.from;at

53.Manycountriesareincreasingtheiruseofnaturalgas,windandotherformsof.

A.energyB.sourceC.powerD.material

54.Adarkenedskyinthedaytimeisusuallyandindicationthatastormis.

A.possiblecomingB.abouttotakeplace

C.closebyD.expectedtobesevere

55.Weallknowthatspeaklouderthanwords.

A.movementsB.performanceC.operationsD.actions

56.,hecouldnotcoverthewholedistanceinfifteenminutes.

A.FastashecanB.Ashecanranfast

C.IfhecanranfastD.Sinceheranfast

57.Agriculturalproductioninthatcountryhasincreasedinrecentyears.

A.vastlyB.strikinglyC.considerablyD.extremely

58.Peterhasplannedtosomemoneyeverymonthsothathecanbuyausedcarnextyear.

A.setasideB.setupC.setinD.setalong

59.AlthoughIspoketohimmanytimes,henevertookanyofwhatIsaid.

A.attentionB.noticeC.warningD.observation

60.Theyovercameallthedifficultiesandfulfilledtheplanthreemonthsaheadoftime,issomethingwehadnotexpected.

A.thatB.whatC.itD.which

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Passage3

Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

UnliketheirAmericanorEuropeancounterparts,carsalesmeninJapanworkhardtogetabuyer.Insteadoflyinglazilyaroundshowroomswaitingforcustomerstodropby,manyJapanesecarsalesmenstillgoouttogetthem.Theywalkwearilyalongthestreetscarsdoor-to-door.Newcustomersarehuntedwithfruitandcakesontheirbirthdays.Butlifeisgettingtough,andnotjustbecausenew-carsalesarefalling.

WithmoreJapanesewomen(whooftencontrolthehouseholdbudget)goingouttowork,thesalesmenincreasinglyfindnobodyathomewhentheycall.Thatmeansanothervisitintheeveningortheweekend.Thentheyfaceanextraproblem:morepeople,especiallytheyoung,prefertochooseanewcarfromashowroomwheretheycancomparedifferentmodels.

Evenaslateasthemid-1980ssome90%ofnewcarsweresolddoor-to-door.Insomeruralareasmostnewcarsarestillsoldthisway.Butinthebigcitiesmorethanhalfthenewcarsarenowsoldfromshowrooms.

AlthoughinvestinginshowroomsisexpensivebecauseofthehighcostofJapaneseland,dealershavelittlechoice.AlaborshortageandhigheramongJapan’sworkforcearemakingitdifficulttohiredoor-to-doorsalesmen.MostofaJapanesecarsalesman’sworkingdayisspentdoingfavorsforcustomers,likearranginginsuranceorpickingupvehiclesforservicing,ratherthanactuallyselling.

Japan’sdoorstepcarsalesmenarenotabouttovanish.Thepersonalservicetheyprovideissodeep-rootedinJapanthattheyarelikelytooperatealongsidetheglitteringnewshowrooms.Thetwosystemsevencomplementeachother.Whatincreasinglyhappensisthattheshowroomattractstheinterestofapotentialbuyer,givingthefootsoresalesmenafirmleadtofollowupwithahomevisit.

11.Japanesecarsalesusuallydonotwaitatshowroomsforcustomerstodropby;instead,.

A.theysellcarsdoor-to-door

B.theybuypresentsfortheircustomers

C.theyenjoythemselvesinrecreationcenters

D.theygoouttodomarketresearches

12.Impliedbutstated:thecompetitionincarmarketis.

A.lightB.moderateC.fierceD.unfair

13.Youngpeopleliketobuyanewcar.

A.athomeB.fromashowroom

C.madeintheU.S.A.D.madeinJapan

14.ThesquadronofJapanesecarsalesmenisreducingbecauseof.

A.alaborshortage

B.higherexpectationsamongJapan’sworkforce

C.highcostland

D.bothAandB

15.Japanesecarsalesmentotheircustomersmanyfavorssuchas.

A.showingthemaroundinanexhibition

B.arranginginsurance

C.payingthemavisitonweekends

D.sellingolecarsforthem

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Passage3

Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

TheideaofaspecialdaytohonormotherswasfirstputforwardinAmericain1907.twoyearslaterawoman,Mrs.JohnBruceDodd,inthestateofWashingtonproposedasimilardaytohonortheheadofthefamily—thefather.Hermotherdiedwhenshewasveryyoung,andherfatherbroughtherup.Shelovedherfatherverymuch.

InresponsetoMrs.Dodd’sideathatsameyear—1909,thestategovernorofWashingtonproclaimed(宣布)thethirdSundayinJuneFather’sDay.TheideawasofficiallyapprovedbyPresidentWoodrowWilsonin1916.in1924,PresidentCalvinCoolidgerecommendednationalobservanceoftheoccasion“toestablishmoreintimate(亲密)relationsbetweenfathersandtheirchildren,andtoimpressuponfathersthefullmeasureoftheirobligations.”TheredorwhiteroseisrecognizedastheofficialFather’sDayflower.

Father’sDaytooklongertoestablishonanationalscalethanMother’sDay,butastheideagrainedpopularity,tradesmenandmanufacturersbegantoseethecommercialpossibilities.Theyencouragedsonsanddaughterstohonortheirfatherswithsmallthank-youpresents,suchasatieorpairofsocks,aswellasbysendinggreetingcards.

DuringtheSecondWorldWar,AmericanservicemenstationedinBritainbegantorequestFather’sDaygreetingcardstosendhome.ThisgeneratedaresponsewithBritishcardpublishers.ThoughatfirsttheBritishpublicwasslowtoacceptthisratherartificialday,it’snowwellcelebratedinBritainonthethirdSundayinJuneinmuchthesamewayasinAmerica.

Father’sDayseemstobemuchlessimportantasoccasionthantheMother’sDay.Notmanyofthechildrenoffertheirfatherssomepresents.ButtheAmericanfathersstillthinktheyaremuchbetterfatedthanthefathersofmanyothercountries,whohavenotevenadayfortheirsakeinnameonly.

11.WhendidFather’sDayofficiallybegintohavenationalpopularity?

A.1907B.1909C.1916D.1924

12.WhofirststartedtheideaofholdingtheFather’sDay?

A.Mrs.JohnBruceDoddB.Mrs.JohnBruce’sMother

C.ThegovernmentofWashington.D.Somebusinessmen.

13.WhatflowerwillbepopularonFather’sDay?

A.LilyB.WaterLilyC.RedroseorwhiteroseD.Sunflower.

14.Whichstatementistrue,aaccordingtothispassage?

A.IttookevenlongerforMother’sDaytogainnationalpopularity.

B.ThebusinessmenhelpedtomakeFather’sDaypopular.

C.Father’sDayisonlycelebratedinAmerica.

D.Father’sDayisonlyatrickofthebusinessmentomakemoney.

15.WhatwasthefirstreactionoftheBritishpublishingtowardsFather’sDay?

A.Theythoughthighlyofitandaccepteditatonce.

B.Theyjustaccepteditatoncewithoutanyhesitation.

C.Theyjustthoughtitajoke.

D.Theythoughtitwastooartificialandtookalongtimetoaccept.

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