Part I Reading Comprehension
Directions: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by four comprehension questions. Read the passage and answer the questions. Then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.
Passage 1
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:
Ask three people to look the same window at a busy street corner and tell you what they see. Chances are you will receive three different answers. Each person sees the same scene, but each perceives something different about it.
Perceiving goes on in our minds. Of the three people who look out the window, one may say that he sees a policeman giving a motorist a ticket. Another may say that he sees a rush-hour traffic jam at the intersection. The third may tell you that he sees a woman trying to cross the street with four children in tow. For perception is the mind’s interpretation of what the senses—in this case our eyes—tell us.
Many psychologists today are working to try to determine just how a person experiences or perceives the world around him. Using a scientific approach, these psychologists set up experiments in which they can control all of the factors. By measuring and charting the results of many experiments, they are trying to find out what makes different people perceive totally different things about the same scene.
1. Seeing and perceiving are .
A. the same action
B. two separate actions
C. two actions carried on entirely by eyes
D. several actions that take place at different times
2. Perceiving is an action that takes place .
A. in our eyes
B. only when we think very hard about something
C. only under the direction of a psychologist
D. in every person’s mind
3. People perceive different things about the same scene because .
A. they see different things B. some have better eyesight
C. they cannot agree about things D. none of these
4. Which of the following is implied but not stated in the passage?
A. Psychologists do not yet know people see.
B. The experiments in which all factors are controlled are better.
C. The study of perception is going on now.
D. Perception does not involve psychological factors.
5. The best title for this selection is .
A. How We See
B. Learning about Our Minds through Science
C. What Psychologists Perceive
D. How to Because an Experimental Psychologist
BDDBB
暂无解析
Inthelast12yearstotalemploymentintheUnitedStatesgrewfasterthanatanytimeinthepeacetimehistoryofanycountry–from82to110millionbetween1973and1985–thatis,byafullonethird.Theentiregrowth,however,wasinmanufacturing,andespeciallyinno–blue-collarjobs…
Thistrendisthesameinalldevelopedcountries,andis,indeed,evenmorepronouncedinJapan.Itisthereforehighlyprobablethatin25yearsdevelopedcountriessuchastheUnitedStatesandJapanwillemploynolargeraproportionofthelaborforceInmanufacturingthandevelopedcountriesnowemployinfarming–atmost,10percent.TodaytheUnitedStatesemploysaround18millionpeopleinblue-collarjobsinmanufacturingindustries.By2010,thenumberislikelytobenomorethan12million.Insomemajorindustriesthedropwillbeevensharper.Itisquiteunrealistic,forinstance,toexpectthattheAmericanautomobileindustrywillemploymorethanone–thirdofitspresentblue-collarforce25yearshence,eventhoughproductionmightbe50percenthigher.
Ifacompany,anindustryoracountrydoesnotinthenextquartercenturysharplyincreasemanufacturingproductionandatthesametimesharplyreducetheblue-collarworkforce,itcannothopetoremaincompetitive–oreventoremain“developed.”Theattempttopreservesuchblue–collarjobsisactuallyaprescriptionforunemployment…
ThisisnotaconclusionthatAmericanpoliticians,laborleadersorindeedthegeneralpubliccaneasilyunderstandoraccept.WhatconfusestheissueevenmoreitthattheUnitedStatesisexperiencingseveralseparateanddifferentshiftsinthemanufacturingeconomy.Oneistheaccelerationofthesubstitutionofknowledgeandcapitalformanuallabor.Wherewespokeofmechanizationafewdecadesago,wenowspeakof“robotization“or“automation.”Thisisactuallymoreachangeinterminologythanachangeinreality.WhenHenryFordintroducedtheassemblylinein1909,hecutthenumberofman–hoursrequiredtoproduceamotorcarbysome80percentintwoorthreeyears–farmorethananyoneexpectstoresultfromeventhemostcompleterobotization.Butthereisnodoubtthatwearefacinganew,sharpaccelerationinthereplacementofmanualworkersbymachines–thatis,bytheproductsofknowledge.
1.Accordingtotheauthor,theshrinkageinthemanufacturinglaborforcedemonstrates______.
A.thedegreetowhichacountry’sproductionisrobotized
B.areductioninacountry’smanufacturingindustries
C.aworseningrelationshipbetweenlaborandmanagement
D.thedifferencebetweenadevelopedcountryandadevelopingcountry
2.Accordingtotheauthor,incoming25years,adevelopedcountryorindustry,inordertremaincompetitive,oughtto______.
A.reducethepercentageoftheblue-collarworkforce
B.preserveblue–collarjobsforinternationalcompetition
C.acceleratemotor–canmanufacturinginHenryFord’sstyle
D.solvetheproblemofunemployment
3.Americanpoliticiansandlaborleaderstendtodislike_____.
A.confusioninmanufacturingeconomy
B.anincreaseinblue–collarworkforce
C.internalcompetitioninmanufacturingproduction
D.adropintheblue–collarjobopportunities
4.Theword“prescription”in“aprescriptionforunemployment”maybetheequivalentto______
A.somethingrecommendedasmedicaltreatment
B.awaysuggestedtoovercomesomedifficulty
C.somemeasurestakeninadvance
D.adevicetodire
5.Thispassagemayhavebeenexceptedfrom________
A.amagazineaboutcapitalinvestment
B.anarticleonautomation
C.amotor-carmagazine
D.anarticleonglobaleconomy
PartIVTranslation
Thecaptainrealizedthatthementriedtodeceivehimsohemadethemworkveryhardfortherestofthevoyage.(PassageOne)
Passage3
Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
TheideaofaspecialdaytohonormotherswasfirstputforwardinAmericain1907.twoyearslaterawoman,Mrs.JohnBruceDodd,inthestateofWashingtonproposedasimilardaytohonortheheadofthefamily—thefather.Hermotherdiedwhenshewasveryyoung,andherfatherbroughtherup.Shelovedherfatherverymuch.
InresponsetoMrs.Dodd’sideathatsameyear—1909,thestategovernorofWashingtonproclaimed(宣布)thethirdSundayinJuneFather’sDay.TheideawasofficiallyapprovedbyPresidentWoodrowWilsonin1916.in1924,PresidentCalvinCoolidgerecommendednationalobservanceoftheoccasion“toestablishmoreintimate(亲密)relationsbetweenfathersandtheirchildren,andtoimpressuponfathersthefullmeasureoftheirobligations.”TheredorwhiteroseisrecognizedastheofficialFather’sDayflower.
Father’sDaytooklongertoestablishonanationalscalethanMother’sDay,butastheideagrainedpopularity,tradesmenandmanufacturersbegantoseethecommercialpossibilities.Theyencouragedsonsanddaughterstohonortheirfatherswithsmallthank-youpresents,suchasatieorpairofsocks,aswellasbysendinggreetingcards.
DuringtheSecondWorldWar,AmericanservicemenstationedinBritainbegantorequestFather’sDaygreetingcardstosendhome.ThisgeneratedaresponsewithBritishcardpublishers.ThoughatfirsttheBritishpublicwasslowtoacceptthisratherartificialday,it’snowwellcelebratedinBritainonthethirdSundayinJuneinmuchthesamewayasinAmerica.
Father’sDayseemstobemuchlessimportantasoccasionthantheMother’sDay.Notmanyofthechildrenoffertheirfatherssomepresents.ButtheAmericanfathersstillthinktheyaremuchbetterfatedthanthefathersofmanyothercountries,whohavenotevenadayfortheirsakeinnameonly.
11.WhendidFather’sDayofficiallybegintohavenationalpopularity?
A.1907B.1909C.1916D.1924
12.WhofirststartedtheideaofholdingtheFather’sDay?
A.Mrs.JohnBruceDoddB.Mrs.JohnBruce’sMother
C.ThegovernmentofWashington.D.Somebusinessmen.
13.WhatflowerwillbepopularonFather’sDay?
A.LilyB.WaterLilyC.RedroseorwhiteroseD.Sunflower.
14.Whichstatementistrue,aaccordingtothispassage?
A.IttookevenlongerforMother’sDaytogainnationalpopularity.
B.ThebusinessmenhelpedtomakeFather’sDaypopular.
C.Father’sDayisonlycelebratedinAmerica.
D.Father’sDayisonlyatrickofthebusinessmentomakemoney.
15.WhatwasthefirstreactionoftheBritishpublishingtowardsFather’sDay?
A.Theythoughthighlyofitandaccepteditatonce.
B.Theyjustaccepteditatoncewithoutanyhesitation.
C.Theyjustthoughtitajoke.
D.Theythoughtitwastooartificialandtookalongtimetoaccept.
PartIIVocabularyandStructure
Directions:Inthisparttherearefortyincompletesentences.Eachsentenceisfollowedbyfourchoices.ChoosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentenceandthenmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.
21.Theteacherthestudentsonatourthroughtheartmuseum.
A.madeB.indicatedC.forcedD.took
22.Tom’sparentsdiedwhenhewasachild,sohewasbyhisrelatives.
A.grownupB.broughtupC.raisedD.fedup
23.Hereismycard.Let’skeepin.
A.touchB.relationC.connectionD.friendship
24.Sofarthereisnoproofpeoplefromotherplanetsdoexist.
A.whichB.howC.whatD.that
25.Thenewspapersreportedyesterdayseveralontheboundariesofthesetwocountries.
A.incidentsB.happeningsC.eventsD.accidents
26.We’veworkedouttheplanandnowwemustputitinto.
A.factB.realityC.practiceD.deed
27.Hedidn’tandsohefailedtheexamination.
A.workenoughhardB.hardworkenoughC.hardenoughworkD.workhardenough
28.NotuntilMr.SmithcametoChinawhatkindofcountrysheis.
A.heknewB.hedidn’tknowC.didheknowD.hecouldn’tknow
29.Scientistssayitmaybetenyearsthismedicinewasputtouse.
A.sinceB.beforeC.afterD.when
30.Insomecountries,iscalled“equality”doesnotreallymeanequalrightsforallpeople.
A.thatB.whatC.whichD.how
31.Wedidn’tknowhistelephonenumber,otherwisewehim.
A.wouldtelephoneB.wouldhavetelephone
C.hadtelephonedD.musthavetelephoned
32.We’vemissedthelastbus,I’mafraidwehavenobuttotakeataxi.
A.wayB.possibilityC.choiceD.selection
33.Luckily,mostsheepthefloodlastmonth.
A.enduredB.survivedC.livedD.passed
34.Myparentsalwaysletmehavemyownofliving.
A.wayB.methodC.mannerD.fashion
35.Likeotherlanguageskills,readingrequirespractice.
A.themostofB.muchoftheC.mostoftheD.moreofthe
36.Itisonlythroughpracticeonewillbeabletoswimskillfully.
A.whatB.whoC.thatD.which
37.Thebrainiscapableofignoringpainmessageoftoconcentrateonotheractivities.
A.itallowedB.isitallowedC.allowedD.allowedit
38.Don’tworry,Ihavealreadythemthedecision.
A.informed;withB.informed;ofC.informed;forD.informed;that
39.Thechildwassorryhismotherwhenhearrivedatthestation.
A.tomissB.havingmissedC.missingD.tohavemissed
40.Iwonderwhyhetodiscusstheproblematthemeeting.
A.declinedB.rejectedC.refusedD.delayed
41.Youcanhangupwhatyoulikeonthesewalls.
A.bareB.emptyC.blankD.vacant
42.Accordingtoa,themajoritywouldratherhavenewspaperswithoutagovernmentthanagovernmentwithoutnewspapers.
A.electionB.campaignC.pollD.vote
43.Thepopulationofthevillagehasdecreased150to500.
A.inB.atC.byD.with
44.ItseemsthatthereisthatIcan’tdo.
A.nothingB.anythingC.everythingD.none
45.Theyareoftencaringmoreaboutanimalsthanhumanbeings.
A.accusedifB.accusedwithC.chargedofD.chargedfor
46.agoodbeginningismade,thewordishalfdone.
A.AssoonasB.WhileC.AsD.Once
47.Georgecouldnothisfoolishmistake.
A.accountinB.countonC.countforD.accountfor
48.Wecameintothisfieldlate,sowemustworkhardtothelosttime.
A.makeupforB.makeoutC.keepupwithD.putupwith
49.Thenewlawwillcameintoonthedayitispassed.
A.effectB.useC.serviceD.existence
50.Wecanseparatethemixtureintothepurechemicalcompoundsitiscomposed.
A.inwhichB.ofwhatC.ofwhichD.fromwhich
51.Mrs.Lincolnhasthatsheisunabletogetajob.
A.suchsmalleducationB.solittleeducation
C.asuchlittleeducationD.asosmalleducation
52.Shecan’tpreventherlittleboyshootingbirds.
A.from;toB.on;atC.with;upD.from;at
53.Manycountriesareincreasingtheiruseofnaturalgas,windandotherformsof.
A.energyB.sourceC.powerD.material
54.Adarkenedskyinthedaytimeisusuallyandindicationthatastormis.
A.possiblecomingB.abouttotakeplace
C.closebyD.expectedtobesevere
55.Weallknowthatspeaklouderthanwords.
A.movementsB.performanceC.operationsD.actions
56.,hecouldnotcoverthewholedistanceinfifteenminutes.
A.FastashecanB.Ashecanranfast
C.IfhecanranfastD.Sinceheranfast
57.Agriculturalproductioninthatcountryhasincreasedinrecentyears.
A.vastlyB.strikinglyC.considerablyD.extremely
58.Peterhasplannedtosomemoneyeverymonthsothathecanbuyausedcarnextyear.
A.setasideB.setupC.setinD.setalong
59.AlthoughIspoketohimmanytimes,henevertookanyofwhatIsaid.
A.attentionB.noticeC.warningD.observation
60.Theyovercameallthedifficultiesandfulfilledtheplanthreemonthsaheadoftime,issomethingwehadnotexpected.
A.thatB.whatC.itD.which
Whatdoesthefutureholdfortheproblemofhousing?Agooddealdepends,ofcourse,onthemeaningof“future”.Ifoneisthinkingintermsofsciencefictionandthespaceage,itisatleastpossibletoassumethatmanwillhavesolvedsuchtrivialandearthlyproblemsashousing.Writersofsciencefiction,fromH.G.Wellsonwards,havehadlittletosayonthesubject.Theyhaveconveyedthesuggestionthatmenwillliveingreatcomfort,witheveryconceivableapparatustomakelifesmooth,healthyandeasy,ifnothappy.Buttheyhavenotsaidwhathishousewillbemadeof.Perhapssomenewbuildingmaterial,asyetunimagined,willhavebeendiscoveredorinventedatleast.Onemaybecertainthatbricksandmortar(泥灰，灰浆)willlonghavegoneoutoffashion.
Buttheproblemsofthenextgenerationortwocanmorereadilybeimagined.Scientistshavealreadypointedoutthatunlesssomethingisdoneeithertorestricttheworld’srapidgrowthinpopulationortodiscoveranddevelopnewsourcesoffood(orboth),millionsofpeoplewillbedyingofstarvationoratthebestsufferingfromunderfeedingbeforethiscenturyisout.Butnobodyhasyetworkedoutanyplanforhousingthesegrowingpopulations.Admittedlytheworstsituationswilloccurinthehottestpartsoftheworld,wherehousingcanbelightstructureorinbackwardareaswherestandardsaretraditionallylow.Buteventheminimumshelterrequiresmaterialsofsomekindandintheteeming,bulgingtownsthelow-standard“housing”offlattenedpetrolcansanddirtycanvasisfarmorewastefulofgroundspacethancanbetolerated.
Sincethewar,HongKonghassufferedthekindofcrisiswhichislikelytoariseinmanyotherplacesduringthenextgeneration.Literallymillionsofrefugeesarrivedtoswellthealreadygrowingpopulationandemergencystepshadtobetakenrapidlytopreventsqualor(肮脏)anddiseaseandthespreadcrime.Thecityistacklingthesituationenergeticallyandenormousblocksoftenements(贫民住宅)arerisingatanastonishingaped.ButHongKongisonlyonesmallpartofwhatwillcertainlybecomeavastproblemandnotmerelyahousingproblem,becausewhenpopulationgrowsatthisratethereareaccompanyingproblemsofeducation,transport,hospitalservices,drainage,watersupplyandsoon.NoteveryareamaygivethesameresourcesasHongKongtodrawuponandthesearchforquickerandcheapermethodsofconstructionmustnevercease.
1.Whatistheauthor’sopinionofhousingproblemsinthefirstparagraph?
A.Theymaybecompletelysolvedatsometimeinthefuture.
B.Theyareunimportantandeasilydealtwith.
C.Theywillnotbesolveduntilanewbuildingmaterialhasbeendiscovered.
D.Theyhavebeendealtwithinspecificdetailinbooksdescribingthefuture.
2.Thewriterissurethatinthedistantfuture___.
A.bricksandmortarwillbereplacedbysomeotherbuildingmaterial.
B.anewbuildingmaterialwillhavebeeninvented.
C.bricksandmortarwillnotbeusedbypeoplewhowanttheirhousetobefashionable.
D.anewwayofusingbricksandmortarwillhavebeendiscovered.
3.Thewriterbelievesthatthebiggestproblemlikelytoconfronttheworldbeforetheendofthecentury___.
A.isdifficulttoforesee.
B.willbehowtofeedtheevergrowingpopulation.
C.willbehowtoprovideenoughhousesinthehottestpartsoftheworld.
D.isthequestionoffindingenoughgroundspace.
4.Whenthewritersaysthattheworstsituationswilloccurinthehottestpartsoftheworldorinbackwardareas,heisreferringtothefactthatintheseparts___.
A.standardsofbuildingarelow.
B.onlyminimumshelterwillbepossible.
C.thereisnotenoughgroundspace.
D.thepopulationgrowthwillbethegreatest.
5.WhichofthefollowingsentencesbestsummarizesParagraph3?
A.HongKonghasfacedaseriouscrisiscausedbymillionsofrefugees.
B.HongKonghassuccessfullydealtwiththeemergencycausedbymillionsofrefugees.
C.HongKong’scrisiswasnotonlyamatterofhousingbutincludedanumberofotherproblemsofpopulationgrowth.
D.ManypartsoftheworldmayhavetofacethekindofproblemsencounteredbyHongKongandmayfinditmuchhardertodealwiththem.