Passage 4
Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:
The new global satellite communications systems will offer three kinds service, which may overlap in many different kinds of receivers.
VOICE. Satellite telephones will be able to make calls from anywhere on the Earth to anywhere else. That could make them especially useful to remote, third world villages (some of which already use stationary satellite telephones), explorers and disaster-relief teams. Today’s mobile telephones depend on earth-bound transmitters, where technical standards vary from country to country. So business travelers cannot use their mobile phones on international trips. Satellite telephones would make that possible.
MESSAGING. Satellite massagers have the same global coverage as satellite telephones, but carry text alone, which could be useful for those with laptop computers. Equipped with a small screen like today’s papers, satellite massagers will also receive short messages.
TRACKING. Voice and messaging systems will also tell their users where they are to within a few hundred meters. Combined with the messaging service, the location service could help rescue teams to find stranded adventurers, the police to find stolen cars, exporters to follow the progress of cargoes, and haulage companies to check that drivers are not detouring the pub. America’s military Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite will provide better positioning information to anyone who has a receiver for their signals, but GPS does not carry messages, so such a receiver cannot be used on its own for tracking or rescue. By the mid-1990s, GPS receivers will be able to tell people where they are to within 70 meters anywhere in the world, and to within a meter or so in areas where the service is supplemented by ground-based transmitter.
16. Global satellite communications systems will be useful to .
A. laptop computer users
B. remote villages
C. disaster-relief teams
D. all above
17. Satellite telephone will make .
A. business travelers use mobile phones on international trips
B. possible calls from anywhere on earth to anywhere else
C. explorers happy
D. all above
18. Which of the following is true?
A. The positioning precision of the voice system is better than that of GPS.
B. The positioning precision of GPS is Better than that of the voice system.
C. The positioning precision of the messaging system is better than of GPS.
D. The positioning precision of voice system is better than that of the messaging system.
19. What can we say about the new global satellite communications systems?
A. They are widely used.
B. They are very helpful.
C. They are costly.
D. Both A and B.
20. Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?
A. Global Satellite Communications
B. New Voice and Messaging System
C. New Generation Satellite
D. Always in Touch
CDCDB
暂无解析
Inthelast12yearstotalemploymentintheUnitedStatesgrewfasterthanatanytimeinthepeacetimehistoryofanycountry–from82to110millionbetween1973and1985–thatis,byafullonethird.Theentiregrowth,however,wasinmanufacturing,andespeciallyinno–blue-collarjobs…
Thistrendisthesameinalldevelopedcountries,andis,indeed,evenmorepronouncedinJapan.Itisthereforehighlyprobablethatin25yearsdevelopedcountriessuchastheUnitedStatesandJapanwillemploynolargeraproportionofthelaborforceInmanufacturingthandevelopedcountriesnowemployinfarming–atmost,10percent.TodaytheUnitedStatesemploysaround18millionpeopleinblue-collarjobsinmanufacturingindustries.By2010,thenumberislikelytobenomorethan12million.Insomemajorindustriesthedropwillbeevensharper.Itisquiteunrealistic,forinstance,toexpectthattheAmericanautomobileindustrywillemploymorethanone–thirdofitspresentblue-collarforce25yearshence,eventhoughproductionmightbe50percenthigher.
Ifacompany,anindustryoracountrydoesnotinthenextquartercenturysharplyincreasemanufacturingproductionandatthesametimesharplyreducetheblue-collarworkforce,itcannothopetoremaincompetitive–oreventoremain“developed.”Theattempttopreservesuchblue–collarjobsisactuallyaprescriptionforunemployment…
ThisisnotaconclusionthatAmericanpoliticians,laborleadersorindeedthegeneralpubliccaneasilyunderstandoraccept.WhatconfusestheissueevenmoreitthattheUnitedStatesisexperiencingseveralseparateanddifferentshiftsinthemanufacturingeconomy.Oneistheaccelerationofthesubstitutionofknowledgeandcapitalformanuallabor.Wherewespokeofmechanizationafewdecadesago,wenowspeakof“robotization“or“automation.”Thisisactuallymoreachangeinterminologythanachangeinreality.WhenHenryFordintroducedtheassemblylinein1909,hecutthenumberofman–hoursrequiredtoproduceamotorcarbysome80percentintwoorthreeyears–farmorethananyoneexpectstoresultfromeventhemostcompleterobotization.Butthereisnodoubtthatwearefacinganew,sharpaccelerationinthereplacementofmanualworkersbymachines–thatis,bytheproductsofknowledge.
1.Accordingtotheauthor,theshrinkageinthemanufacturinglaborforcedemonstrates______.
A.thedegreetowhichacountry’sproductionisrobotized
B.areductioninacountry’smanufacturingindustries
C.aworseningrelationshipbetweenlaborandmanagement
D.thedifferencebetweenadevelopedcountryandadevelopingcountry
2.Accordingtotheauthor,incoming25years,adevelopedcountryorindustry,inordertremaincompetitive,oughtto______.
A.reducethepercentageoftheblue-collarworkforce
B.preserveblue–collarjobsforinternationalcompetition
C.acceleratemotor–canmanufacturinginHenryFord’sstyle
D.solvetheproblemofunemployment
3.Americanpoliticiansandlaborleaderstendtodislike_____.
A.confusioninmanufacturingeconomy
B.anincreaseinblue–collarworkforce
C.internalcompetitioninmanufacturingproduction
D.adropintheblue–collarjobopportunities
4.Theword“prescription”in“aprescriptionforunemployment”maybetheequivalentto______
A.somethingrecommendedasmedicaltreatment
B.awaysuggestedtoovercomesomedifficulty
C.somemeasurestakeninadvance
D.adevicetodire
5.Thispassagemayhavebeenexceptedfrom________
A.amagazineaboutcapitalinvestment
B.anarticleonautomation
C.amotor-carmagazine
D.anarticleonglobaleconomy
翻译训练：地域特色文明
文明是多彩的，人类文明因多样才有交流互鉴的价值。文明是平等的，人类文明因平等才有交流互鉴的前提。文明是包容的，人类文明因包容才有交流互鉴的动力。
当今世界，人类生活在不同文化、种族、肤色、宗教和不同社会制度所组成的世界里，各国人民形成了你中有我、我中有你的命运共同体。应该推动不同文明相互尊重、和谐共处，让文明交流互鉴成为增进各国人民友谊的桥梁、推动人类社会进步的动力、维护世界和平的纽带。应该从不同文明中寻求智慧、汲取营养，为人们提供精神支撑和心灵慰藉，携手解决人类共同面临的各种挑战。
PartIIVocabularyandStructure
Directions:Inthisparttherearefortyincompletesentences.Eachsentenceisfollowedbyfourchoices.ChoosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentenceandthenmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.
21.Agreatmanycancerscanbecuredbutonlyifbeforetheyhavebeguntospreadorcolonizeinotherpartsofthebody.
A.properlytreat
B.properlytreating
C.beingproperlytreated
D.properlytreated
22.sheisalikeablegirl,sheisverydifficulttoworkwith.
A.SinceB.HoweverC.AsfarasD.While
23.Allthetouristsgavetherobbertheirmoney.
A.frightenedB.frighteningC.frightenD.frightful
24.herage,shereallydidagoodjobinsuchashorttime.
A.GivingB.GivesC.GiveD.Given
25.Thesoldierwaswithneglectinghisduty.
A.chargedB.conductedC.chargedD.committed
26.Thereasonwhythecarstoppedwas.
A.becausetheroadwasnotgoodB.thattheroadwasnotgood
C.duetothebadroadD.becauseofthebadroad
27.You’dbetterhurry,youmightbelateforclass.
A.orB.andC.unlessD.but
28.,heperformedthetaskwithsuccess.
A.ItwasexpectedB.Whichwasexpected
C.AswasexpectedD.Thatwasexpected
29.ThedoctorfeltJohn’sarmtoifthebonewasbroken.
A.workoutB.findoutC.lookatD.seeout
30.Hejustmysuggestionatthemeetingyesterday.
A.putawayB.shutdownC.showedoffD.brushedaside
31.Thequestionatthenextmeetingremainasecret.
A.discussedB.todiscussC.tobediscussedD.beingdiscussed
32.Hislazinesshisfailureinthefinalexam.
A.gaveupB.contributedC.resultedinD.distributed
33.Theteacher’stomystatementaboutthispoetledmetoreadwidelyaboutpoems.
A.changeB.chargeC.challengeD.chance
34.Onmostofthenights,Janereadinglettersfromherboyfriend.
A.stayedoffB.stayedonC.stayedoutD.stayedup
35.Thefirst-yearstudentswerelearningformthearmyinMiyun,asuburbofBeijingnearIlived.
A.whatB.whereC.thatD.which
36.Lyndaandhundredsofyoungpeoplelikehimthepostoftypist.
A.approachedB.appliedforC.appealedtoD.approvedof
37.Anybodyisentitledtosuchbenefitofageorsex.
A.regardlessB.whetherC.inspiteD.incase
38.Inthisbuildingeachapartmentcouldafamilyofsix.
A.houseB.coverC.makeD.include
39.Itriedtogetoutofthebusiness,Ifoundimpossible.
A.whoB.whichC.thatD.what
40.Whenheexplaineditagainandagain,thestudent’spatience.
A.ranoverB.ranonC.ranoutD.ranoff
41.WhenherneighborGrandmaWangbecameill,thegirloften.
A.fittedinB.workedoutC.heldbackD.helpedout
42.Ifyoureallywanttoapplyforthedangerousjob,Iwon’t,thoughtIthinkit’sacrazyidea.
A.stoodinyourwayB.standontheway
C.standinyourwayD.standbytheway
43.Hewastryingtoread;,thephonekeptringing.
A.meanwhileB.thenC.laterD.afterwards
44.Iamoutofthosepeoplewholikeastrenuous(费力的)holiday;Ibelievein.
A.tookiteasyB.takeniteasy
C.takingiteasyD.takingiteasily
45.Thepolicematchedthefingerprintsandfoundtheywere.
A.equivalentB.identicalC.similarD.equal
46.Formally,intheUnitedStates,manynursesworkedasprivatedutynursesinhospitals.
A.otherthanB.morethanC.lessthanD.ratherthan
47.Ifyoudon’tmind.Idomyhomeworkthanplaycardswithyou.
A.hadbetterB.preferC.wouldratherD.wouldlike
48.Theirideawastogetustothestrikeatonce.
A.callatB.calloffC.callinD.callfor
49.MycarsoIhadtocomebybus.
A.felldownB.brokedownC.felloverD.turnedaway
50.Icouldtellhewassurprisedfromtheonhisface.
A.appearanceB.sightC.expressionD.explanation
51.Whichis,NorthAmericaorSouthAmerica?
A.biggestB.thebiggestC.morebiggestD.bigger
52.Youshouldobservecarefullyhowtheaudiencehisspeech.
A.reachtoB.refertoC.reacttoD.relateto
53.Thesefarmersgotagoodharvestlastyear,sotheyabigsumofmoneyfornewfarmmachines.
A.setasideB.setaboutC.setupD.setback
54.Oneofmysayingsis“wherethereisawill,thereisaway.”
A.likelyB.favorableC.alikeD.favorite
55.Allisacontinuoussupplyoffueloil.
A.whatisneededB.thatisneeded
C.thethingisneededD.fortheirneeds
56.Thehighincometaxisharmfulitmaydiscouragepeoplefromtryingtoearnmore.
A.inthatB.thatC.inwhichD.which
57.Anewtechniqueout,theyieldincreasesby20%.
A.havingworkingB.havingbeenworked
C.atalossD.forgood
58.Thebirdflewintotheairandwassoon.
A.outofsightB.inahurryC.atalossD.forgood
59.ItisdecidedthatheforabustomeettheguestsfromBeijing.
A.callB.callsC.arrangeD.arranges
60.Iknowit’snotimportantbutIcan’thelpaboutit.
A.tothinkB.thinkingC.andthinkD.beingthought
PartIIICloze
Directions:Therearetwentyblanksinthefollowingpassage.Foreachblanktherearefourchoices.ChoosetheonethatbestfitsintothepassageandthenmarksyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.
Therearetwofactorswhichdetermineanindividual’sintelligence.Thefirstisthesortofbrainheisborn61.Humanbrainsdifferconsiderably,62beingmorecapablethanothers.63nomatterhowgoodabrainhehastobeginwith,anindividualwillhavealoworderofintelligence64hehasopportunitiestolearn.Sothesecondfactoriswhat65totheindividual—thesortofenvironmentinwhichheisbrought66.Ifanindividualishandicapped(受阻碍)67,itislikelythathisbrainwill68todevelopandhewill69attainthelevelofintelligenceofwhichheis70.
Theimportanceofenvironmentindetermininganindividual’sintelligencecanbe71bythecasehistoryoftheidenticaltwins,PeterandJohn.Whenthetwinswerethreemonthsold,theirparentsdied,andtheyareplacedin72foster(寄养)homes.Peterwasrearedbyparentsoflowintelligenceinan73communitywithpooreducational74.John,75,waseducatedinthehomeofwell-to-doparentswhohasbeentocollege.Thisenvironmental76continueduntilthetwinswere77theirlateteens,78theyweregiventeststo79theirintelligence.John’sI.Q.(智商)was125,twenty-fivepointshigherthanthe80andfullyfortypointshigherthanhisidenticalbrother.
61.A.forB.byC.withD.in
62.A.mostB.someC.manyD.few
63.A.ButB.ForC.StillD.And
64.A.ifB.thoughtC.asD.unless
65.A.refersB.appliesC.happensD.concerns
66.A.aboutB.upC.forwardD.forth
67.A.relativelyB.intelligentlyC.regularlyD.environmentally
68.A.failB.helpC.manageD.stop
69.A.everB.neverC.evenD.nearly
70.A.ableB.capableC.availableD.acceptable
71.A.demonstratedB.deniedC.neglectedD.ignored
72.A.separateB.similarC.remoteD.individual
73.A.omittedB.isolatedC.enclosedD.occupied
74.A.possibilitiesB.opportunitiesC.capacitiesD.responsibilities
75.A.moreoverB.consequentlyC.thenD.however
76.A.exceptionB.divisionC.differenceD.alteration
77.A.inB.byC.atC.for
78.A.whileB.sinceC.whenD.because
79.A.estimateB.countC.decideD.measure
80.A.averageB.commonC.usualD.ordinary