简述急性肾功能衰竭患者高钾血症的防治措施。-查字典考试网

简述急性肾功能衰竭患者高钾血症的防治措施。

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正确答案：

(1)尽量避免食用含钾较多的食品，并少用或不用含钾高的药物。(2)口服钾离子交换树脂、甘露醇等，以增加钾离子从肠道排出。(3)禁用库存血。(4)发生高血钾时紧急处理措施：立即静脉注射10%葡萄糖酸钙、静脉滴注5%碳酸氢钠、静脉注射50%葡萄糖加胰岛素，并准备透析治疗。

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