名词解释：知情同意-查字典考试网

名词解释：知情同意

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正确答案：

指病人有权知道自己的病情，并可以对医务人员所采取的医疗措施决定取舍，它实际上包含了知情、理解、同意或否决三个方面。

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Part IV Translation As the source of aluminum is almost inexhaustible, we can expect that more and more uses will be found for this versatile metal. (Passage Two)
Directions: This section is to test your ability to understand short conversations. There are 2 recorded conversations in it. After each conversation, there are some recorded questions.Both the conversations and questions will be spoken two times. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D given in your test paper.Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 6、 A. The goods are out of stock. B.She is moving to anothercity. C.The salesseason is coming soon. D.She is afraidthe pricewillgo down. 7、 A. By train. B. By air. C. By ship. D. By truck. 8、 A. In three weeks. B.In two weeks. C.Next week. D.Next month. 9、 A. HR manager assistant. B. Sales manager. C. Office secretary. D. Software engineer. 10、 A. 3 weeks. B. 6 weeks. C. 3 months. D. 6 months.
特困供养人员是指什么？
Recent research has claimed that an excess of positive ions in the air can have an ill effect on people’s physical or psychological health. What are positive ions? Well, the air is full of ions, electrically charged particles, and generally there is a rough balance between the positive and the negative charged. But sometimes this balance becomes disturbed and a larger proportion of positive ions are found. This happens naturally before thunderstorm, earthquakes when winds such as the Mistral, Hamsin or Sharav are blowing in certain countries. Or it can be caused by a build-up of static electricity indoors from carpets or clothing made of man-made fibres, or from TV sets, duplicators or computer display screens. When a large number of positive ions are present in the air many people experience unpleasant effects such as headaches, fatigue, irritability, and some sensitive people suffer nausea or even mental disturbance. Animals are also affected, particularly before earthquakes, snakes have been observed to come out of hibernation, rats to flee from their burrows, dogs howl and cats jump about unaccountably. This has led the US Geographical Survey to fund a network of volunteers to watch animals in an effort to foresee such disasters before they hit vulnerable areas such as California. Conversely, when large numbers of negative ions are present, then people have a feeling of well-being. Natural conditions that produce these large amounts are near the sea, close to waterfalls or fountains, or in any place where water is sprayed, or forms a spray. This probably accounts for the beneficial effect of a holiday by the sea, or in the mountains with tumbling streams or waterfalls. To increase the supply of negative ions indoors, some scientists recommend the use of ionisers: small portable machines, which generate negative ions. They claim that ionisers not only clean and refresh the air but also improve the health of people sensitive to excess positive ions. Of course, there are the detractors, other scientists, who dismiss such claims and are skeptical about negative/positive ion research. Therefore people can only make up their own minds by observing the effects on themselves, or on others, of a negative rich or poor environment. After all it is debatable whether depending on seismic readings to anticipate earthquakes is more effective than watching the cat. 1.What effect does exceeding positive ionization have on some people? A.They think they are insane. B.They feel rather bad-tempered and short-fussed. C.They become violently sick. D.They are too tired to do anything. 2.In accordance with the passage, static electricity can be caused by___. A.using home-made electrical goods. B.wearing clothes made of natural materials. C.walking on artificial floor coverings. D.copying TV programs on a computer. 3.A high negative ion count is likely to be found___. A.near a pound with a water pump. B.close to a slow-flowing river. C.high in some barren mountains. D.by a rotating water sprinkler. 4.What kind of machine can generate negative ions indoors? A.Ionisers. B.Air-conditioners. C.Exhaust-fans D.Vacuum pumps. 5.Some scientists believe that___. A.watching animals to anticipate earthquakes is more effective than depending on seismography. B.the unusual behavior of animals cannot be trusted. C.neither watching nor using seismographs is reliable. D.earthquake
引起瓦斯积聚而发生爆炸的主要原因是什么?
建筑中交通联系部分的作用是什么?包括哪些空间?
Passage 3 Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage: The cowboy is the hero of many movies,. He is, even today, a symbol of courage and adventure. But what was the life of the cowboy really like? The cowboy’s job is clear from the word cowboy. Cowboy were men who took care of cows and other cattle. The cattle were in the West and in Texas. People in the cities of the East wanted beef these cattle. Trains could take the cattle east. But first the cattle had to get to the trains. Part of the cowboy’s job was to take the cattle hundreds of miles to the railroad town. The trips were called cattle drivers. A cattle drive usually took several months. Cowboys rode for sixteen hours a day. Because they rode so much, each cowboy brought along about eight horses. A cowboy changed horses several times each day. The cowboys had to make sure that cattle arrived safely. Before starting on a drive, the cowboys branded the cattle. They burned a mark on the cattle to show who they belonged to. But these marks didn’t stop rustlers, or cattle thieves. Cowboys had to protect the cattle from rustlers. Rustlers made the dangerous trip even more dangerous. Even though their work was very difficult and dangerous, cowboys did not earn much money. They were paid badly. Yet cowboys liked their way of life. They lived in a wild and open country. They lived a life of adventure and freedom. 11. A cowboy is a symbol of . A. courage and adventure B. a hard life and big pay C. movies in the past D. cows and other cattle 12. The cowboys’ job was . A. to be a hero in real life B. to be a hero of the movie C. to take care of cattle D. to be a dangerous rustler 13. During a cattle driver, cowboys took a group of cows from a wild and open country to . A. the West states and Texas B. the cities of the East States C. the people who eat beef in cities D. the railroad towns hundred miles away 14. On their way of cattle drivers, the cowboys protected the cattle by . A. burning a mark on their cows B. keeping an eye on cattle thieves C. making the trip more dangerous D. looking after eight cows each person 15. Cowboys enjoyed themselves because . A. they liked their way of life B. they made a lot of money C. they had a vary difficult job D. they were heroes in movies
Passage 4 Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage: Culture shock is an occupational disease (职业病) for people who have been suddenly transplanted abroad. Culture shock is caused by the anxiety that results from losing all familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse. Those signs are as following: when to shake hands and what to say when meet people, when and how to give tips, how to make purchases, when to accept and refuse invitations, when to take statements seriously and when not. These signs, which may be words, gestures, facial expressions, or customs, are acquired by all of us in the course of growing up and as much a part of our culture as the language we speak or the beliefs we accept. All of us depend on hundreds of these signs for our peace of mind and day-to-day efficiency, but we do not carry most at the level of conscious awareness. Now when an individual enters a strange culture, all or most of these familiar signs are removed. No matter how broadminded or full of good will you may be a series of supports have been knocked from under you, followed by a feeling of frustration. When suffering from culture shock people first reject the environment which caused discomfort. The ways of the host country are bad because they make us feel bad. When foreigners in a strange land get together in complain about the host country its people, you can be sure that they are suffering from culture shock. 16. According to the passage, culture shock is . A. an occupational disease of foreign people B. may lead to very serious symptoms C. actually not a disease D. incurable 17. According to the passage, culture shock result from . A. the sudden change of social atmosphere and customs B. the sudden change of our daily habits C. the sudden loss of our own signs and symbols D. the discomfort that we feel when faced with a foreigner 18. Which one of the following may not be a symptom of culture shock? A. You don’t know how to express your gratitude. B. You don’t know how to greet other people. C. You suddenly forget what a word means. D. You don’t understand why a foreigner shrugs. 19. According to the passage, how would a person who stays abroad most probably react when he is frustrated by the culture shock? A. He is most likely to refuse to absorb the strange environment at first. B. He is really to accept the change and adapt himself to the new environment. C. Although he takes the culture difference for granted, he still doesn’t know how to do with it. D. He may begin to hate the people or things around him. 20. The main idea of this passage is that . A. culture shock is an occupational disease B. culture shock is caused by the anxiety of living in a strange culture C. culture shock has peculiar symptoms D. it is very hard to cope with life in a new setting
背景资料：某写字楼工程，地下1层，地上15层，框架剪力墙结构。首层中厅高12 米，施工单位的项目部编制的模板支架施工方案是满堂扣件式钢管脚手架，方案由项目部技术负责人审批后实施。施工中，某工人在中厅高空搭设脚手架时随手将扳白手放在脚手架上，脚手架受振动后扳手从上面滑落，顺着楼板预留洞口(平面尺寸0.25m×0.50m)砸到在地下室施工的王姓工人头部。由于王姓工人认为在室内的楼板下作业没有危险，故没有戴安全帽，被砸成重伤。问题： 1. 分析该起安全事故的原因。 2. 写出该模板支架施工方案正确的审批程序。 3. 扳手放在脚手架上是否正确?说明理由。 4. 何谓“三宝”和“四口”?本例的预留洞口应如何防护?
Directions: In this part, there are four items which you should translate into Chinese, each item consisting of one sentence. These sentences are all taken from the reading passages you have just read in Part III of the Test Paper. You are allowed minutes to do the translation. You can refer back to the passages so as to identify their meaning in the context. Write your translation on the Translation Sheet in Test Paper Two. T1.(Line2-3, Paragraph1, Passage1) This was because bacteria entered the cuts in the patients bodied’and started infection. T2.(Line2, Paragraph2, Passage2) Many were rejected by U.S. medical schools simply because there was no room. T3:.(Line3-4, Paragraph1, Passage3): Accused of neglecting this part of our education, my father instituted a summer school for my brother and me . T4:.(Line4-5, Paragraph1, Passage4) Different cultures are more prone to contract certain illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures.