Passage2

Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Therearetwokindsofmemory:shot-termandlong-term.Informationinlong-termmemorycanberememberedatalatertimewhenitisneeded.Theinformationmaybekeptfordaysorweeks.However,informationoverandover.Thefollowingexperimentshowshowshort-termmemoryhasbeenstudied.

HenningstudiedhowstudentswhoarelearningEnglishasasecondlanguageremembervocabulary.Thesubjectsinhisexperimentwere75collegestudents.TheyrepresentedalllevelsofabilityinEnglish:beginning,intermediate,andnative-speakingstudents.

Tobegin,thesubjectslistenedtoarecordingofanativespeakerreadingaparagraphinEnglish.Followingtherecording,thesubjectstooka15-questiontesttoseewhichwordstheyremembered,eachquestionhadfourchoices.Thesubjectshadtocirclethewordtheyhadheardintherecording.Someofthequestionshadfourchoicesthatsoundalike.Forexample,weather,whether,wither,andwetterarefourwordsthatsoundalike.Someofthequestionshadfourchoicesthathavethesamemeaning.Method,way,manner,andsystemwouldbefourwordswiththesamemeaning.Finallythesubjectstookalanguageproficiencytest.

HenningfoundthatstudentswithalowerproficiencyinEnglishmademoreoftheirmistakesonwordsthatsoundalike;studentswithahigherproficiencymademoreoftheirmistakesonwordsthathavethesamemeaning.Henning’sresultssuggestthatbeginningstudentsholdthesoundofwordsintheirshort-termmemory,andadvancedstudentsholdthemeaningofwordsintheirshort-termmemory.

6.Henningmadetheexperimentinordertostudy.

A.howstudentsrememberEnglishvocabularybyshort-termmemory

B.howstudentslearnEnglishvocabulary

C.howtodevelopstudents’abilityinEnglish

D.howlonginformationinshort-termmemoryiskept

7.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Informationinshort-termmemoryisdifferentfromthatinlong-termmemory.

B.Long-termmemorycanbeachievedonlybytraining.

C.Itiseasiertotestshort-termmemorythanlong-termmemory.

D.Henninggaveaseparatetestonvocabularytohisstudents.

8.FromHenning’sresultwecanseethat.

A.beginnershavedifficultydistinguishingthepronunciationofwords

B.advancedstudentsrememberwordsbytheirmeaning

C.itisdifficulttorememberwordsthatsoundalike

D.itisdifficulttorememberwordsthathavethesamemeaning

9.Theword“subjects”inthepassagemeans.

A.memoryB.thethemeoflisteningmaterial

C.abranchofknowledgestudiedD.thestudentsexperimentedon

Underno_____willIgothereagain.

Passage4

Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

IrecentlywroteanautobiographyinwhichIrecalledmanyoldmemories.Oneofthemwasfrommyschooldays,whenourninthgradeteacher,MissRaber,wouldpickoutwordsfromtheReader’sDigesttotestourvocabulary.

Today,morethan45yearslater,Ialwayscheckout“ItpaystoEnrichYourWordPower”firstwhentheDigestcomeseachmonth.Iamimpressedwiththatidea,wordpower.Reader’sDigestknowsthepowerthatwordshavetomovepeople—toentertain,inform,andinspire.TheDigesteditorsknowthatthebigwordisn’talwaysthebestword.Takejustoneexample,aQuotableQuoteformtheFebruary1985issue:”Timeisaplayfulthing.Itslipsquicklyanddrinksthedaylikeabowlofmilk.”

Nineteenwords,onlytwoofthemmorethanonesyllable,yethowmuchtheyconvey!That’susuallyhowitiswithReader’sDigest.Smallandsimplecanbeprofound.

AschairmanofafoundationtorestoretheStatueofLiberty,I’vebeenmakingalotofspeecheslately.Itrytokeepthemfairlyshort.Iusesmallbutvividwords:wordslike“hope”,“guts”,“faith”,“dreams”.ThosearewordsthatmovepeopleandsaysomuchaboutthespiritofAmerica.

Don’tgetmewrong.I’mnotagainstusingbigwords,whenitisrighttodoso,butIhavealsolearnedthatasmallwordcanworkasmallmiracle—ifit’srightword,intherightplace,attherighttime.It’sa“secret”thatIhopeneverforget.

16.Thepassageismainlyabout.

A.oneofthemanyoldmemories

B.usingsimplewordstoexpressprofoundideas

C.Reader’sDigestandschoolspeeches

D.howtomakeeffectivespeeches

17.ItseemsthatReader’sDigestisamagazinepopularwith.

A.peopleofallagesB.teenagersC.schoolteachersD.elderlyreaders

18.Theexampletheauthorgivesinthesecondparagraphmightmean.

A.onespendshisdayplayinganddrinking

B.don’twasteyourtimeasonedoes

C.timeslipseasilyifyoudon’tmakegooduseofit

D.timeisjustlikedrinkingmilkfromabowl

19.Theauthor’s“secret”is.

A.toavoidusingbigwordsatanytime

B.tousewordsthathavethepowertomovepeople

C.toworkamiraclebyusingasmallword

D.tousesmallandsimplewordswherepossible

20.Accoedingtotheauthor,well-chosenwordscangivepeople.

A.hope,courageandideas

B.confidence,determinationandstrength

C.pleasure,knowledgeandencourage

D.entertainment,informationandpower

Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Hisproposalis_____toallofusandyoudonotneedtotellusmoreaboutit.

PartIVTranslation

Onehorseormulewasrequiredtosupportfourhumanbeingsaratiothatremainedalmostconstantformanydecades.(PassageFour)