PartIVTranslation
Yetthesecarcinogenicadditivesremaininourfood,anditbecomesmoredifficultallthetimetoknowwhichthingsonthepackaginglabelsofprocessedfoodarehelpfulorharmful.(PassageTwo)
可是这些致癌物质依然存在于我们的食物之中,与此同时,要想知道加工食品标签上的哪些成分对健康有利,哪些成分对健康不利,变得更加苦难了。
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Part I Reading Comprehension
Directions: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by four comprehension questions. Read the passage and answer the questions. Then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.
Passage 1
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:
Ask three people to look the same window at a busy street corner and tell you what they see. Chances are you will receive three different answers. Each person sees the same scene, but each perceives something different about it.
Perceiving goes on in our minds. Of the three people who look out the window, one may say that he sees a policeman giving a motorist a ticket. Another may say that he sees a rush-hour traffic jam at the intersection. The third may tell you that he sees a woman trying to cross the street with four children in tow. For perception is the mind’s interpretation of what the senses—in this case our eyes—tell us.
Many psychologists today are working to try to determine just how a person experiences or perceives the world around him. Using a scientific approach, these psychologists set up experiments in which they can control all of the factors. By measuring and charting the results of many experiments, they are trying to find out what makes different people perceive totally different things about the same scene.
1. Seeing and perceiving are .
A. the same action
B. two separate actions
C. two actions carried on entirely by eyes
D. several actions that take place at different times
2. Perceiving is an action that takes place .
A. in our eyes
B. only when we think very hard about something
C. only under the direction of a psychologist
D. in every person’s mind
3. People perceive different things about the same scene because .
A. they see different things B. some have better eyesight
C. they cannot agree about things D. none of these
4. Which of the following is implied but not stated in the passage?
A. Psychologists do not yet know people see.
B. The experiments in which all factors are controlled are better.
C. The study of perception is going on now.
D. Perception does not involve psychological factors.
5. The best title for this selection is .
A. How We See
B. Learning about Our Minds through Science
C. What Psychologists Perceive
D. How to Because an Experimental Psychologist
PartIIVocabularyandStructure
Directions:Inthisparttherearefortyincompletesentences.Eachsentenceisfollowedbyfourchoices.ChoosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentenceandthenmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.
21.Agreatmanycancerscanbecuredbutonlyifbeforetheyhavebeguntospreadorcolonizeinotherpartsofthebody.
A.properlytreat
B.properlytreating
C.beingproperlytreated
D.properlytreated
22.sheisalikeablegirl,sheisverydifficulttoworkwith.
A.SinceB.HoweverC.AsfarasD.While
23.Allthetouristsgavetherobbertheirmoney.
A.frightenedB.frighteningC.frightenD.frightful
24.herage,shereallydidagoodjobinsuchashorttime.
A.GivingB.GivesC.GiveD.Given
25.Thesoldierwaswithneglectinghisduty.
A.chargedB.conductedC.chargedD.committed
26.Thereasonwhythecarstoppedwas.
A.becausetheroadwasnotgoodB.thattheroadwasnotgood
C.duetothebadroadD.becauseofthebadroad
27.You’dbetterhurry,youmightbelateforclass.
A.orB.andC.unlessD.but
28.,heperformedthetaskwithsuccess.
A.ItwasexpectedB.Whichwasexpected
C.AswasexpectedD.Thatwasexpected
29.ThedoctorfeltJohn’sarmtoifthebonewasbroken.
A.workoutB.findoutC.lookatD.seeout
30.Hejustmysuggestionatthemeetingyesterday.
A.putawayB.shutdownC.showedoffD.brushedaside
31.Thequestionatthenextmeetingremainasecret.
A.discussedB.todiscussC.tobediscussedD.beingdiscussed
32.Hislazinesshisfailureinthefinalexam.
A.gaveupB.contributedC.resultedinD.distributed
33.Theteacher’stomystatementaboutthispoetledmetoreadwidelyaboutpoems.
A.changeB.chargeC.challengeD.chance
34.Onmostofthenights,Janereadinglettersfromherboyfriend.
A.stayedoffB.stayedonC.stayedoutD.stayedup
35.Thefirst-yearstudentswerelearningformthearmyinMiyun,asuburbofBeijingnearIlived.
A.whatB.whereC.thatD.which
36.Lyndaandhundredsofyoungpeoplelikehimthepostoftypist.
A.approachedB.appliedforC.appealedtoD.approvedof
37.Anybodyisentitledtosuchbenefitofageorsex.
A.regardlessB.whetherC.inspiteD.incase
38.Inthisbuildingeachapartmentcouldafamilyofsix.
A.houseB.coverC.makeD.include
39.Itriedtogetoutofthebusiness,Ifoundimpossible.
A.whoB.whichC.thatD.what
40.Whenheexplaineditagainandagain,thestudent’spatience.
A.ranoverB.ranonC.ranoutD.ranoff
41.WhenherneighborGrandmaWangbecameill,thegirloften.
A.fittedinB.workedoutC.heldbackD.helpedout
42.Ifyoureallywanttoapplyforthedangerousjob,Iwon’t,thoughtIthinkit’sacrazyidea.
A.stoodinyourwayB.standontheway
C.standinyourwayD.standbytheway
43.Hewastryingtoread;,thephonekeptringing.
A.meanwhileB.thenC.laterD.afterwards
44.Iamoutofthosepeoplewholikeastrenuous(费力的)holiday;Ibelievein.
A.tookiteasyB.takeniteasy
C.takingiteasyD.takingiteasily
45.Thepolicematchedthefingerprintsandfoundtheywere.
A.equivalentB.identicalC.similarD.equal
46.Formally,intheUnitedStates,manynursesworkedasprivatedutynursesinhospitals.
A.otherthanB.morethanC.lessthanD.ratherthan
47.Ifyoudon’tmind.Idomyhomeworkthanplaycardswithyou.
A.hadbetterB.preferC.wouldratherD.wouldlike
48.Theirideawastogetustothestrikeatonce.
A.callatB.calloffC.callinD.callfor
49.MycarsoIhadtocomebybus.
A.felldownB.brokedownC.felloverD.turnedaway
50.Icouldtellhewassurprisedfromtheonhisface.
A.appearanceB.sightC.expressionD.explanation
51.Whichis,NorthAmericaorSouthAmerica?
A.biggestB.thebiggestC.morebiggestD.bigger
52.Youshouldobservecarefullyhowtheaudiencehisspeech.
A.reachtoB.refertoC.reacttoD.relateto
53.Thesefarmersgotagoodharvestlastyear,sotheyabigsumofmoneyfornewfarmmachines.
A.setasideB.setaboutC.setupD.setback
54.Oneofmysayingsis“wherethereisawill,thereisaway.”
A.likelyB.favorableC.alikeD.favorite
55.Allisacontinuoussupplyoffueloil.
A.whatisneededB.thatisneeded
C.thethingisneededD.fortheirneeds
56.Thehighincometaxisharmfulitmaydiscouragepeoplefromtryingtoearnmore.
A.inthatB.thatC.inwhichD.which
57.Anewtechniqueout,theyieldincreasesby20%.
A.havingworkingB.havingbeenworked
C.atalossD.forgood
58.Thebirdflewintotheairandwassoon.
A.outofsightB.inahurryC.atalossD.forgood
59.ItisdecidedthatheforabustomeettheguestsfromBeijing.
A.callB.callsC.arrangeD.arranges
60.Iknowit’snotimportantbutIcan’thelpaboutit.
A.tothinkB.thinkingC.andthinkD.beingthought
Recent research has claimed that an excess of positive ions in the air can have an ill effect on people’s physical or psychological health. What are positive ions? Well, the air is full of ions, electrically charged particles, and generally there is a rough balance between the positive and the negative charged. But sometimes this balance becomes disturbed and a larger proportion of positive ions are found. This happens naturally before thunderstorm, earthquakes when winds such as the Mistral, Hamsin or Sharav are blowing in certain countries. Or it can be caused by a build-up of static electricity indoors from carpets or clothing made of man-made fibres, or from TV sets, duplicators or computer display screens.
When a large number of positive ions are present in the air many people experience unpleasant effects such as headaches, fatigue, irritability, and some sensitive people suffer nausea or even mental disturbance. Animals are also affected, particularly before earthquakes, snakes have been observed to come out of hibernation, rats to flee from their burrows, dogs howl and cats jump about unaccountably. This has led the US Geographical Survey to fund a network of volunteers to watch animals in an effort to foresee such disasters before they hit vulnerable areas such as California.
Conversely, when large numbers of negative ions are present, then people have a feeling of well-being. Natural conditions that produce these large amounts are near the sea, close to waterfalls or fountains, or in any place where water is sprayed, or forms a spray. This probably accounts for the beneficial effect of a holiday by the sea, or in the mountains with tumbling streams or waterfalls.
To increase the supply of negative ions indoors, some scientists recommend the use of ionisers: small portable machines, which generate negative ions. They claim that ionisers not only clean and refresh the air but also improve the health of people sensitive to excess positive ions. Of course, there are the detractors, other scientists, who dismiss such claims and are skeptical about negative/positive ion research. Therefore people can only make up their own minds by observing the effects on themselves, or on others, of a negative rich or poor environment. After all it is debatable whether depending on seismic readings to anticipate earthquakes is more effective than watching the cat.
1.What effect does exceeding positive ionization have on some people?
A.They think they are insane.
B.They feel rather bad-tempered and short-fussed.
C.They become violently sick.
D.They are too tired to do anything.
2.In accordance with the passage, static electricity can be caused by___.
A.using home-made electrical goods.
B.wearing clothes made of natural materials.
C.walking on artificial floor coverings.
D.copying TV programs on a computer.
3.A high negative ion count is likely to be found___.
A.near a pound with a water pump.
B.close to a slow-flowing river.
C.high in some barren mountains.
D.by a rotating water sprinkler.
4.What kind of machine can generate negative ions indoors?
A.Ionisers.
B.Air-conditioners.
C.Exhaust-fans
D.Vacuum pumps.
5.Some scientists believe that___.
A.watching animals to anticipate earthquakes is more effective than depending on seismography.
B.the unusual behavior of animals cannot be trusted.
C.neither watching nor using seismographs is reliable.
D.earthquake
Thefirstparagraphisintendedto________.