TEXTC Therearetwofactorswhichdetermineanindividual'sintelligence.Thefirstisthesortofbrainheisbornwith. Humanbrainsdifferconsiderably,somebeingmorecapablethanothers.Butnomatterhowgoodabrainhehas tobeginwith,anindividualwillhavealoworderofintelligenceunlesshehasopportunitiestolearn.Sothe secondfactoriswhathappenstotheindividual—thesortofenvironmentinwhichheisbroughtup.Ifan individualishandicapped(不利)environmentally,itislikelythathisbrainwillfailtodevelopandhewillnever attainthelevelofintelligenceofwhichheiscapable.Theimportanceofenvironmentindetermininganindividual'sintelligencecanbedemonstratedbythecasehistoryoftheidenticaltwins,PeterandMark.Beingidentical,thetwinshadidenticalbrainsatbirth,andtheirgrowthprocesseswerethesame.Whenthetwinswerethreemonthsold,theirparentsdied,andtheywere placedinseparatefoster(抚养)homes.Peterwasraisedbyparentsoflowintelligenceinanisolatedcommunity withpooreducationalopportunities.Markwasrearedinthehomeofwell-to-doparentswhohadbeentocollege.Hewasreadtoasachild,senttogoodschools,andgiveneveryopportunitytobestimulated intellectually.Thisenvironmentaldifferencecontinueduntilthetwinswereintheirlateteens,whentheywere giventeststomeasuretheirintelligence.Mark'sI.Q.was125,twenty-fivepointshigherthantheaverageand fullyfortypointshigherthanhisidenticalbrother.Givenequalopportunities,thetwins,havingidenticalbrains, wouldhavetestedatroughlythesamelevel. 11.Thisselectioncanbestbetitled____________. A.MeasuringYourIntelligence B.IntelligenceandEnvironment C.TheCaseofPeterandMark D.HowtheBrainInfluencesIntelligence 12.Thebeststatementofthemainideaofthispassageisthat_______. A.humanbrainsdifferconsiderably B.thebrainapersonisbornwithisimportantindetermininghisintelligence C.environmentiscrucialindeterminingaperson'sintelligence D.personshavingidenticalbrainswillhaveroughlythesameintelligence 13.Accordingtothepassage,theaverageI.Q.is_______. A.85.B.100C.110D.125 14.Thecasehistoryofthetwinsappearstosupporttheconclusionthat_______. A.individualswithidenticalbrainsseldomtestatthesamelevelB.anindividual'sintelligenceisdeterminedonlybyhisenvironment C.lackofopportunityblocksthegrowthofintelligence D.changesofenvironmentproducechangesinthestructureofthebrain 15.Thispassagesuggeststhatanindividual'sI.Q._______. A.canbepredictedatbirth B.staysthesamethroughouthislife C.canbeincreasedbyeducation D.isdeterminedbyhischildhood