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病人把自己过去的一些缺点看成是很大的罪恶，对不起家人，对不起人民，不配活下去，应处以重刑。这是

A、罪恶妄想
B、夸大妄想
C、情感低落
D、嫉妒妄想

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急性应激障碍的临床特点包括（）

A、病前遭受异乎寻常的应激性生活事件
B、症状的出现与应激源无关
C、发作具有暗示性
D、病程长，预后差

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病护治疗关系中介绍期的主要任务是?

A、建立融洽和谐关系
B、教给病人社交技术
C、指导病人表现出可接受的行为
D、回顾目标实现情况

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对社区卫生服务人力资源进行培训的常用方法有哪些?

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以下关于甲乙丙类传染病数量说法正确的是（）

A、甲类2种、乙类26种、丙类11种
B、甲类3种、乙类25种、丙类10种
C、甲类2种、乙类25种、丙类10种
D、甲类3种、乙类26种、丙类11种

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Weareintroducingourselvesasoneoftheleadingexportersofthesamelineofbusiness.
Thecompanyalsooffersanexercisephysiologisttohelpemployeessufferingfromstress.
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Howshopscanexploitpeople'sherdmentalitytoincreasesales 1.ATRIPtothesupermarketmaynotseemlikeanexerciseinpsychologicalwarfare—butitis.Shopkeepersknowthatfillingastorewiththearomaoffreshlybakedbreadmakespeoplefeelhungryandpersuadesthemtobuymorefoodthantheyhadintended.Stockingthemostexpensiveproductsateyelevelmakesthemsellfasterthancheaperbutlessvisiblecompetitors.Nowresearchersareinvestigatinghow“swarmintelligence”(thatis，howants，beesoranysocialanimal，includinghumans，behaveinacrowd)canbeusedtoinfluencewhatpeoplebuy. 2.AtarecentconferenceonthesimulationofadaptivebehaviourinRome，Zeeshan-ul-hassanUsmani，acomputerscientistfromtheFloridaInstituteofTechnology，describedanewwaytoincreaseimpulsebuyingusingthisphenomenon.Supermarketsalreadyencourageshopperstobuythingstheydidnotrealisetheywanted:forinstance，byplacingeverydayitemssuchasmilkandeggsatthebackofthestore，forcingshopperstowalkpastothertemptinggoodstoreachthem.MrUsmaniandRonaldoMenezes，alsooftheFloridaInstituteofTechnology，setouttoenhancethistendencytobuymorebyplayingontheherdinstinct.Theideaisthat，ifacertainproductisseentobepopular，shoppersarelikelytochooseittoo.Thechallengeistokeepcustomersinformedaboutwhatothersarebuying. 3.Entersmart-carttechnology.InMrUsmani'ssupermarketeveryproducthasaradiofrequencyidentificationtag，asortofbarcodethatusesradiowavestotransmitinformation，andeverytrolleyhasascannerthatreadsthisinformationandrelaysittoacentralcomputer.Asacustomerwalkspastashelfofgoods，ascreenontheshelftellshimhowmanypeoplecurrentlyintheshophavechosenthatparticularproduct.Ifthenumberishigh，heismorelikelytoselectittoo. 4.MrUsmani's“swarm-moves”modelappealstosupermarketsbecauseitincreasessaleswithouttheneedtogivepeoplediscounts.Anditgivesshoppersthesatisfactionofknowingthattheyboughtthe“right”product—thatis，theoneeveryoneelsebought.Themodelhasnotyetbeentestedwidelyintherealworld，mainlybecauseradiofrequencyidentificationtechnologyisnewandhasonlybeeninstalledexperimentallyinsomesupermarkets.ButMrUsmanisaysthatbothWal-MartinAmericaandTescoinBritainareinterestedinhiswork，andtestingwillgetunderwayinthespring. 5.Anotherrecentstudyonthepowerofsocialinfluenceindicatesthatsalescould，indeed，beboostedinthisway.MatthewSalganikofColumbiaUniversityinNewYorkandhiscolleagueshavedescribedcreatinganartificialmusicmarketinwhichsome14,000peopledownloadedpreviouslyunknownsongs.Theresearchersfoundthatwhenpeoplecouldseethesongsrankedbyhowmanytimestheyhadbeendownloaded，theyfollowedthecrowd.Whenthesongswerenotorderedbyrank，butthenumberoftimestheyhadbeendownloadedwasdisplayed，theeffectofsocialinfluencewasstilltherebutwaslesspronounced.Peoplethusfollowtheherdwhenitiseasyforthemtodoso. 6.InJapanachainofconvenienceshopscalledRanKingRanQueenhasbeenorderingitsproductsaccordingtosalesdatafromdepartmentstoresandresearchcompanies.Theshopssellonlythemostpopularitemsineachproductcategory，andtherankingsareupdatedweekly.Icosystem，acompanyinCambridge，Massachusetts，alsoaimstoexploitknowledgeofsocialnetworkingtoimprovesales. 7.Andthepsychologythatworksinphysicalstoresisjustaspotentontheinternet.OnlineretailerssuchasAmazonareadeptattellingshopperswhichproductsarepopularwithlike-mindedconsumers.Evenintheprivacyofyourhome，youcanstillbepartoftheswarm. Questions1-6 Completethesentencesbelowwithwordstakenfromthereadingpassage.UseNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer. 1.Shopownersrealizethatthesmellof_______________canincreasesalesoffoodproducts. 2.Inshops，productsshelvedatamorevisiblelevelsellbettereveniftheyaremore_______________. 3.AccordingtoMr.Usmani，withtheuseof“swarmintelligence”phenomenon，anewmethodcanbeappliedtoencourage_______________. 4.Onthewaytoeverydayitemsatthebackofthestore，shoppersmightbetemptedtobuy_______________. 5.Ifthenumberofbuyersshownonthe_______________ishigh，othercustomerstendtofollowthem. 6.Usingthe“swarm-moves”model，shopownersdonothavetogivecustomers_______________toincreasesales.
CignaInsuranceCompanyoffersemployeestheoptionofplacingtake-outmealorderswiththecompanychef.
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SellingDigitalMusicwithoutCopy-protectionMakesSense A.　Itwasuncharacteristicallylow-keyfortheindustry’sgreatestshowman.ButtheessaypublishedthisweekbySteveJobs,thebossofApple,onhisfirm’swebsiteundertheunassumingtitle“ThoughtsonMusic”hasnonethelessprovokedavigorousdebateaboutthefutureofdigitalmusic,whichAppledominateswithitsiPodmusic-playerandiTunesmusic-store.Atissueis“digitalrightsmanagement”(DRM)—thetechnologyguardingdownloadedmusicagainsttheft.SincethereisnocommonstandardforDRM,italsohastheside-effectthatsongspurchasedforonetypeofmusic-playermaynotworkonanother.Apple’sDRMsystem,calledFairPlay,isthemostwidespread.SoitcameasasurprisewhenMr.JobscalledforDRMfordigitalmusictobeabolished. B.　ThisisachangeoftackforApple.IthascomeunderfirefromEuropeanregulatorswhoclaimthatitsrefusaltolicenseFairPlaytootherfirmshas“lockedin”customers.SincemusicfromtheiTunesstorecannotbeplayedonnon-iPodmusic-players(atleastnotwithoutalotoffiddling),anyiTunesbuyerwillbedeterredfromswitchingtoadevicemadebyarivalfirm,suchasSonyorMicrosoft.WhenFrenchlawmakersdraftedabilllastyearcompellingAppletoopenupFairPlaytorivals,thecompanywarnedof“state-sponsoredpiracy”.OnlyDRM,itimplied,couldkeepthepiratesatbay. C.　ThisweekMr.JobsgaveanotherexplanationforhisformerdefenceofDRM:therecordcompaniesmadehimdoit.TheywouldmaketheirmusicavailabletotheiTunesstoreonlyifAppleagreedtoprotectitusingDRM.TheycanstillwithdrawtheircataloguesiftheDRMsystemiscompromised.ApplecannotlicenseFairPlaytoothers,saysMrJobs,becauseitwoulddependonthemtoproducesecurityfixespromptly.AllDRMdoesisrestrictconsumerchoiceandprovideabarriertoentry,saysMrJobs;withoutittherewouldbefarmorestoresandplayers,andfarmoreinnovation.So,hesuggests,whynotdoawaywithDRMandsellmusicunprotected?“Thisisclearlythebestalternativeforconsumers,”hedeclares,“andApplewouldembraceitinaheartbeat.” D.　Whythesuddenchangeofheart?MrJobsseemschieflyconcernedwithgettingEurope’sregulatorsoffhisback.RatherthancomplainingtoAppleaboutitsuseofDRM,hesuggests,“thoseunhappywiththecurrentsituationshouldredirecttheirenergiestowardspersuadingthemusiccompaniestoselltheirmusicDRM-free.”Twoandahalfofthefourbigrecordcompanies,hehelpfullypointsout,areEuropean-owned.MrJobsalsohopestopainthimselfasaconsumerchampion.AppleresentsaccusationsthatithasbecometheMicrosoftofdigitalmusic. E.　Applecanaffordtoembraceopencompetitioninmusicplayersandonlinestores.Consumerswouldgravitatetothebestplayerandthebeststore,andatthemomentthatstillmeansApple’s.MrJobsisevidentlyunfazedbyrivalstotheiPod.Sinceonly3%ofthemusicinatypicaliTuneslibraryisprotected,mostofitcanalreadybeusedonotherplayerstoday,henotes.(AndeventheprotectedtrackscanbeburnedontoaCDandthenre-ripped.)SoApple’sdominanceevidentlydependsfarmoreonbrandingandeaseofusethanDRM-related“lockin”. F.　ThemusicgiantsaretryingDRM-freedownloads.Lotsofsmallerlabelsalreadysellmusicthatway.Havingseenwhichwaythewindisblowing,MrJobsnowwantstobeseennotasDRM’sdefender,butasaconsumerchampionwhohelpedinitsdownfall.Wouldn’titleadtoasurgeinpiracy?No,becausemostmusicisstillsoldunprotectedonCDs,peoplewishingtostealmusicalreadycandoso.Indeed,scrappingDRMwouldprobablyincreaseonline-musicsalesbyreducingconfusionandincompatibility.Withtheleadingonlinestore,Applewouldbenefitmost.MrJobs’sargument,inshort,istransparentlyself-serving.Italsohappenstoberight. NotestoReadingPassage1 1.low-key: 抑制的，受约束的，屈服的 2.showman: 开展览会的人,出风头的人物 3.unassuming: 谦逊的,不夸耀的,不装腔作势的 4.iPod： (苹果公司出产的)音乐播放器 5.iTunesstore： (苹果公司出产的)在线音乐商店 6.getoffperson’sback: 不再找某人的麻烦，摆脱某人的纠缠 7.gravitate: 受吸引，倾向于 8.unfazed: 不再担忧，不被打扰 Questions1-7 DothefollowingstatemetsreflecttheclaimsofthewriterinReadingPassage1? WriteyouranswerinBoxes1-7onyouranswersheet. TRUEifthestatementrefletstheclaimsofthewriter FALSEifthestatementcontradictstheclaimsofthewriter NOTGIVENifitisimpossbiletosaywhatthewriterthinksaboutthis 1.AppleenjoysacontrollingpositionindigitalmusicmarketwithitsiPodmusic-playerandiTunesmusic-store. 2.DRMisagovernmentdecreeissuedwithapurposetoprotectdownloadedmusicfromtheftbyconsumers. 3.LackofstandardizationinDRMmakessongsboughtforonekindofmusicplayermaynotfunctiononanother. 4.ApplehasbeencriticizedbyEuropeanregulatorssinceithasrefusedtograntalicenseFairPlaytootherfirms. 5.Allmusiccanbeeasilyplayedonnon-iPodmusicdevicesfromSonyorMicrosoftwithouttoomuchfiddling. 6.AppledependsfarmoreonDRMratherthanbrandingforitsdominanceofthedigitalmusicdevices. 7.IfDRMwascancelled,Sonywouldcertainlydominatetheinternationaldigitalmusicmarket. Questions8-10 ChoosetheappropriatelettersA-Dandwritetheminboxes8-10onyouranswesheet. 8.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutMr.Jobs’ideaofDRMisNOTTRUE? A.DRMplacesrestrictionsonconsumer’choiceofdigitalmusicproductsavailable. B.DRMcomplesiTunesbuyerstoswitchtoadevicemadebySonyorMicrosoft. C.DRMconstitutesabarrierforpotentialconsumerstoenterdigitalmusicmarkets. D.DRMhindersdevelopmentofmorestoresandplayersandtechnicalinnovation. 9.Theword“unfazed”inline3ofparagraphE,means___________. A.refused B.welcomed C.notbothered D.notwellreceived 10.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEifDRMwasscapped? A.Sonywouldgainthemostprofit. B.Morecustomerswouldbe“lockedin”. C.Asuddenincreaseinpiracywouldoccur. D.Online-musicsaleswouldprobablydecrease. Questions11-14 Completethenotesbelow. ChooseNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSfromReadingPassage1foreachanswer. Writeyouranswersinboxes11-14onyouranswersheet. Mr.SteveJobs,thebossofApple,explainsthereasonwhyheusedtodefendDRM,sayingthatthecompanywasforcedtodoso:therecordcompanieswouldmaketheirmusicaccessibleto…11...onlyiftheyagreedtoprotectitusingDRM;theycanstill…12…iftheDRMsystemiscompromised.HealsoprovidesthereasonwhyAppledidnotlicenseFairPlaytoothers:thecompanyreliesonthemto…13….ButnowhechangeshismindwithapossibleexpectationthatEurope’sregulatorswouldnottroublehimanymoreinthefuture.Heproposesthatthosewhoareunsatisfactorywiththecurrentsituationindigitalmusicmarketshould…14…towardspersuadethemusiccompaniestoselltheirmusicDRM-free.
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