Theteacher,ratherthanthestudents,isresponsibleforthismatter.

Inthepast,operationsweredifficult.Untilthemiddleoftheeighteenfifties,surgerywasverydangerous.Manypatientsdiedaftereventhesmallestoperations.Thiswasbecausebacteriaenteredthecutsinthepatientsbodied’andstartedinfection.Insomecountries,upto90percentofpatientsdiedfrominfectionafteroperations.In1865,however,JosephLister,aBritishsurgeon,foundananswertotheproblem.Heusedan“antisepticduring”andafteroperations.Thiskilledthedangerousbacteriaandmostofhispatientslived.Sincethen,surgeonshaveusedantisepticsinalloperations.SurgeryhasdevelopedinmanyimportantwayssincethedayofJosephLister.Today,whenpatientsgotohospitalforanoperation,theycanexpectthebesttreatment,incleanandhygienicconditions.

33.Operationsweredifficultanddangerousuntil_______.

A.1850

B.themiddleof1850

C.themiddleofthefiftiesoftheeighteenthcentury

D.themiddleofthefiftiesofthenineteenthcentury

34.Inthepassage,surgerymeans__________.

A.Theperformingofanoperation

B.cure

C.treatment

D.medicine

35.Inthepast,upto90percentofpatientsdiedafteroperationsmainlyb

ecause__________.

A.bacteriaenteredthecutsinthepatientsbodies’andinfectiontookplace

B.theconditionsinhospitalswerebad

C.theskillofsurgeonswasnotsogood

D.therewerenogoodmedicineatthattime

36.Whichtopicofthefollowingbestsuitsthepassage?

A.Operationsweredifficultinthepast

B.ThedevotionofJosephListertomedicalscience

C.Surgeryhasbecomesafer

D.Developmentsinsurgery

37.JosephListerwas________.

A.aFrenchman

B.aGerman

C.anEnglishman

D.anAmeric

Withtherapiddevelopmentofpetroleumindustry,moreandmoreoilproductsofhighqualityarebeingturnedout.

Thepatient______now______carefully.

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear10shortconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionwillbespokentwice.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.DuringthepauseyoumustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

1.A)Dosometyping.

B)Buysomepaper.

C)Askthemantotype.

D)Wanttorunwiththeman.

2.A)10:50

B)10:15

C)10:48

D)10:52

3.A)Husbandandwife.

B)Agirlandherboyfriend.

C)Teacherandstudent.

D)Oldfriends.

4.A)Policeman.

B)Salesman.

C)Cardriver.

D)Conductor.

5.A)Inaschool.

B)Inatheater.

C)Inarestaurant.

D)Athome.

6.A)Sheagreed.

B)Shedisagreed.

C)Shewasimpatient.

D)Shewasworried.

7.A)Somethingcold.

B)Coffee.

C)Tea.

D)Somethinghot.

8.A)Gold.

B)Blue.

C)Brown.

D)Black.

9.A)Hedidn’knowtwheretofindtheprofessor.

B)Hehaddifficultydoingtheexperiment.

C)Hefailedtheexam.

D)Hecouldn’graduatetfromtheuniversity.

10.A)Themaniscoughing.

B)Themangaveupsmoking.

C)Themanhasalungdisease.

D)Themanhasaheartattack