Writing:

Some people claim that, in the age of television, reading books is not as important as it once was and that people can learn as much by watching television as they can by reading books. Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Write an essay of about 400 words.

In the first part of your essay you should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.

You should supply an appropriate title for your essay.

Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.

As Gilbert White，Darwin ， and others observed long ago， all species appear to have theinnate capacity to increase their numbers from generation to generation. The task forecologistsis to untangle the environmentaand biologicalfactorsthat hold this intrinsiccapacity for population growth in check over the long run. The great variety of dynamicbehaviorsexhibitedby differentpopulationmakes thistaskmore difficult：sompopulations remain roughly constant from year to year; others exhibit regular cycles ofabundance and scarcity; still others vary wildly， with outbreaks and crashes that arein some cases plainly correlated with the weather， and in other cases not.To impose some order on this kaleidoscopeof patterns ， one school of thought proposesdividing populations into two groups. These ecologists posit that the relatively steadypopulations havedensity-dependent growth parameters; that is， rates ofbirth ， death ，and migrationwhich depend strongly on population density. The highly varying populationshave density-independent growth parameters， with vital rates buffeted by environmentalevents ;these rates fluctuate in a way that is wholly independent of population density.This dichotomy has its uses， but it can cause problems if taken too literally. Forone thing ， no population can be driven entirely by density-independent factors all thetime. No matter how severely or unpredictably birth， death ， and migration rates may befluctuatingaround theirlong-termaverages ， ifthere were no density-dependenteffects ，the populationwould ， in the long run ， eitherincrease or decrease without bound (barringa miracle by which gains and losses canceled exactly)。 Put another way， it may be thaton average 99 percent of all deaths in a populationarise from density-independentcauses ，and only one percent from factors varying with density.The factorsmaking up the one percentmay seem unimportant， and their cause may be correspondingly hard to determine. Yet，whether recognized or not， they will usually determine the long-term average populationdensity.In order to understand the nature of theecologist ’s investigation， we may think ofthe density-dependent effectson growth parameters as the signal ecologists are trying toisolateand interpret， one that tends to make the population increase from relativelylowvalues or decrease from relatively high ones， while the density-independent effects actto produce noise in the populationdynamics.For populationsthatremain relativelyconstant ， or that oscillate around repeated cycles， the signal can be fairly easilycharacterized and its effects described， even though the causative biological mechanismmay remain unknown. For irregularly fluctuating populations， we are likely to have toofew observations to have any hope of extracting the signal from the overwhelming noise.But it now seems clear that all populationsare regulatedby a mixture of density-dependentand density-independent effects in varying proportions.

1. The author of the text is primarily concerned with

[A] Discussing two categories of factorsthat controlpopulationgrowth and assessingtheir relative importance.

[B] Describinghow growth ratesin naturalpopulationsfluctuateover time andexplaining why these changes occur.

[C] Proposing a hypothesisconcerning population size and suggesting ways to test it.

[D] Posing a fundamental question about environmentalfactorsin populationgrowth andpresenting some currently accepted answer.

2. It can be inferred from the text that the author considers the dichotomy discussedto be

[A] Applicable only to erratically fluctuating populations.

[B] instrumental， but only if its limitations are recognized.

[C] Dangerously misleading in most circumstances.

[D] A complete and sufficient way to account for observed phenomena.

3.to the text ， allof the followingbehaviors have been exhibitedby differentpopulations EXCEPT

[A] Roughly constant population levels from year to year.

[B] Regular cycles of increases and decreases in numbers.

[C] Erratic increases in numbers correlated with the weather.

[D] Unchecked increases in numbers over many generations.

4. The discussion concerning population in the third paragraph serves primarily to

[A] Demonstrate the difficultiesecologistsface in studying density-dependentfactorslimiting population growth.

[B] Advocate more rigorous study of density-dependent factors in population growth.

[C] Prove that the death rates of any populationare never entirelydensity-independent.

[D] underline the importance of even small density-dependent factors in regulatinglong-term population densities.

5. In the text， the author does all of the following EXCEPT

[A] Cite the views of other biologists.

[B] Define a basic problem that the text addresses.

[C] Present conceptual categories used by other biologists.

[D] Describe the results of a particular study.

某工程为 10 层钢筋混凝土框架结构。某施工企业现场项目部在自购钢筋进场之前,按要求向监理工程师提供了合格证,并经过见证取样复验合格。监理工程师同意该批钢筋进场使用。钢筋接头采用绑扎、电渣压力焊两种,在隐蔽工程验收检验钢筋焊接质量时,怀疑钢筋母材不合格。经过对该批钢筋重新检验,最终确认该批钢筋不合格。监理工程师随即发出不合格项目通知,要求施工单位拆除重做,同时报告业主。承包商认为本批钢筋使用前已经过监理工程师见证取样,复检合格 ,且同意使用。

问题：

1、为确保工程质量 ,在进行该项目质量控制过程中,该施工企业应采取哪些主要对策。

2、该钢筋工程质量验收内容有哪些?如何组织验收 ?

3、现场质量检查有哪些方法?

4、材料质量控制的要点和内容有哪些?

5、该工程的施工质量计划应由谁来主持编制?施工质量计划的内容有哪些?

Part II Vocabulary and Structure

Directions: In this part there are forty incomplete sentences. Each sentence is followed by four choices. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.

21. A great many cancers can be cured but only if before they have begun to spread or colonize in other parts of the body.

A. properly treat

B. properly treating

C. being properly treated

D. properly treated

22. she is a likeable girl, she is very difficult to work with.

A. Since B. However C. As far as D. While

23. All the tourists gave the robber their money.

A. frightened B. frightening C. frighten D. frightful

24. her age, she really did a good job in such a short time.

A. Giving B. Gives C. Give D. Given

25. The soldier was with neglecting his duty.

A. charged B. conducted C. charged D. committed

26. The reason why the car stopped was .

A. because the road was not good B. that the road was not good

C. due to the bad road D. because of the bad road

27. You’d better hurry, you might be late for class.

A. or B. and C. unless D. but

28. , he performed the task with success.

A. It was expected B. Which was expected

C. As was expected D. That was expected

29. The doctor felt John’s arm to if the bone was broken.

A. work out B. find out C. look at D. see out

30. He just my suggestion at the meeting yesterday.

A. put away B. shut down C. showed off D. brushed aside

31. The question at the next meeting remain a secret.

A. discussed B. to discuss C. to be discussed D. being discussed

32. His laziness his failure in the final exam.

A. gave up B. contributed C. resulted in D. distributed

33. The teacher’s to my statement about this poet led me to read widely about poems.

A. change B. charge C. challenge D. chance

34. On most of the nights, Jane reading letters from her boyfriend.

A. stayed off B. stayed on C. stayed out D. stayed up

35. The first-year students were learning form the army in Miyun, a suburb of Beijing near I lived.

A. what B. where C. that D. which

36. Lynda and hundreds of young people like him the post of typist.

A. approached B. applied for C. appealed to D. approved of

37. Anybody is entitled to such benefit of age or sex.

A. regardless B. whether C. in spite D. in case

38. In this building each apartment could a family of six.

A. house B. cover C. make D. include

39. I tried to get out of the business, I found impossible.

A. who B. which C. that D. what

40. When he explained it again and again, the student’s patience .

A. ran over B. ran on C. ran out D. ran off

41. When her neighbor Grandma Wang became ill, the girl often .

A. fitted in B. worked out C. held back D. helped out

42. If you really want to apply for the dangerous job, I won’t , thought I think it’s a crazy idea.

A. stood in your way B. stand on the way

C. stand in your way D. stand by the way

43. He was trying to read; , the phone kept ringing.

A. meanwhile B. then C. later D. afterwards

44. I am out of those people who like a strenuous (费力的) holiday; I believe in .

A. took it easy B. taken it easy

C. taking it easy D. taking it easily

45. The police matched the finger prints and found they were .

A. equivalent B. identical C. similar D. equal

46. Formally, in the United States, many nurses worked as private duty nurses in hospitals.

A. other than B. more than C. less than D. rather than

47. If you don’t mind. I do my homework than play cards with you.

A. had better B. prefer C. would rather D. would like

48. Their idea was to get us to the strike at once.

A. call at B. call off C. call in D. call for

49. My car so I had to come by bus.

A. fell down B. broke down C. fell over D. turned away

50. I could tell he was surprised from the on his face.

A. appearance B. sight C. expression D. explanation

51. Which is , North America or South America?

A. biggest B. the biggest C. more biggest D. bigger

52. You should observe carefully how the audience his speech.

A. reach to B. refer to C. react to D. relate to

53. These farmers got a good harvest last year, so they a big sum of money for new farm machines.

A. set aside B. set about C. set up D. set back

54. One of my sayings is “where there is a will, there is a way.”

A. likely B. favorable C. alike D. favorite

55. All is a continuous supply of fuel oil.

A. what is needed B. that is needed

C. the thing is needed D. for their needs

56. The high income tax is harmful it may discourage people from trying to earn more.

A. in that B. that C. in which D. which

57. A new technique out, the yield increases by 20%.

A. having working B. having been worked

C. at a loss D. for good

58. The bird flew into the air and was soon .

A. out of sight B. in a hurry C. at a loss D. for good

59. It is decided that he for a bus to meet the guests from Beijing.

A. call B. calls C. arrange D. arranges

60. I know it’s not important but I can’t help about it.

A. to think B. thinking C. and think D. being thought

翻译：

几千年的中国文化充实着中国梦，同时，过去三十几年的改革开放也激励着中国梦。中国梦最显著的特征是包容性和双赢合作。这些也是使中国梦扩大它的全球影响范围和被其他国家的人民认可的基本特征。中国梦是民族复兴的梦。它是建设一个强大繁荣的国家，给中国人民带来幸福生活的梦。中国梦需要维持稳定健康的经济发展，科学管理社会，以及有效应对外部发展的风险和挑战。

The tourist trade is booming. With all this coming and going ， you'd expect greater understanding o develop between the nations of the world. Not a bit of it ! Superb systems of communication by air， sea and land make it possible for us to visit each other's countries at a moderate cost. What was once the 'grand tour' ， reserved for only the very rich ， is now within everybody's grasp ?

The package tour and chartered flights are not to be sneered at. Modern travelers enjoy a level of comfort which the lords and ladies on grand tours in the old days couldn't have dreamed of. But what's the sense of this mass exchange of populations if the nations of the world remain basically ignorant of each other?

Many tourist organizations are directly responsible for this state of affairs. They deliberately set out to protect their clients from too much contact with the local population. The modern tourist leads a cosseted， sheltered life. He lives at international hotels ， where he eats his international food and sips his international drink while he gazes at the natives from a distance. Conducted tours to places of interest are carefully censored. The tourist is allowed to see only what the organizers want him to see and no more. A strict schedule makes it impossible for the tourist to wander off on his own ; and anyway， language is always a barrier， so he is only too happy to be protected in this way. At its very worst ， this leads to a new and hideous kind of colonization.

The summer quarters of the inhabitants of the cite universitaire ： are temporarily reestablished on the island of Corfu. Blackpool is recreated at Torremolinos where the traveler goes not to eat paella， but fish and chips. The sad thing about this situation is that it leads to the persistence of national stereotypes. We don't see the people of other nations as they really are， but as we have been brought up to believe they are. You can test this for yourself. Take five nationalities ， say， French， German， English， American and Italian. Now in your mind， match them with these five adjectives ： musical， amorous， cold， pedantic， native. Far from providing us with any insight into the national characteristics of the peoples just mentioned ， these adjectives actually act as barriers. So when you set out on your travels， the only characteristics you notice are those which confirm your preconceptions. You come away with the highly unoriginal and inaccurate impression that ， say，'Anglo-Saxons are hypocrites' of that 'Latin peoples shout a lot'. You only have to make a few foreign friends to understand how absurd and harmful national stereotypes are. But how can you make foreign friends when the tourist trade does its best to prevent you ? Carried to an extreme， stereotypes can be positively dangerous. Wild generalizations stir up racial hatred and blind us to the basic fact 〞how trite it sounds ! 每 That all people are human. We are all similar to each other and at the same time all unique.

1. The best title for this passage is

[A] Tourism contributes nothing to increasing understanding between nations.

[B] Tourism is tiresome.

[C] Conducted tour is dull.

[D] Tourism really does something to one's country.

2. What is the author's attitude toward tourism ?

[A] apprehensive. [B]negative. [C] critical. [D] appreciative.

3. Which word in the following is the best to summarize Latin people shout a lot?

[A] silent. [B] noisy. [C] lively. [D] active.

4. The purpose of the author's criticism is to point out

[A] conducted tour is disappointing.

[B]the way of touring should be changed.

[C] when traveling ， you notice characteristics which confirm preconception.

[D] national stereotypes should be changed.

5. What is 'grand tour' now ?

[A] moderate cost.

[B]local sight-seeing is investigated by the tourist organization.

[C] people enjoy the first-rate comforts.

[D] everybody can enjoy the 'grand tour'

Part II Vocabulary and Structure

Directions: In this part there are forty incomplete sentences. Each sentence is followed by four choices. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.

21. the difficulties associated with the project, we’ll go on with it.

A. Given B. In spite of C. Thank to D. Because of

22. It was almost dark in the streets a few very powerful spotlights.

A. excluding B. but for C. except D. except for

23. today, he would get there by Friday.

A. Would he leave B. If he leaves

C. Was he leaving D. Were he to leave

24. He gave me some very advice on buying a house.

A. precious B. expensive C. wealthy D. dear

25. His goal is not to become a sportsman, a champion in a certain field.

A. but rather became B. but rather to become

C. but rather becoming D. but rather to becoming

26. I just met her on the way home from the bookstore.

A. on purpose B. by accident C. in accident D. in case

27. I don’t know about him, comment on him behind his back.

A. let alone B. let go C. leave alone D. take leave

28. My transistor radio is out of order. It .

A. need to be repaired B. need repairing

C. needs repairing D. needs to repair

29. No one could tell us anything about the stranger.

A. conscious B. mysterious C. serious D. previous

30. Mary all foolish comments and kept on working.

A. excluded B. ignored C. denied D. discharged

31. I agree with him , but not entirely.

A. until a certain point B. to some point

C. to some extent D. until a certain extent

32. People in some parts of the world often take their water for . they use as much water as they wish.

A. granted B. sure C. certain D. pleasure

33. Color-blind people often find it difficult to between blue and green.

A. separate B. compare C. contrast D. distinguish

34. Thousands of people on the city to welcome the visiting guests.

A. turned off B. turned up C. turned out D. turned over

35. The mountain place is beautiful, but the working conditions, it’s terrible.

A. when mentioned B. when it comes to

C. when it is said D. when it dies to

36. Are you spending more money on the space program?

A. in favor of B. by favor of C. in favor to D. out of favor

37.In the of my parents, standards of education in the public school are actually falling.

A. idea B. thought C. opinion D. principle

38. from space, our earth, with water covering 70% of its surface, appears as a “blue planet”.

A. Seeing B. To be seen C. Seen D. having seen

39. This year’s total output value of industry and agriculture will increase 5 percent over last years.

A. by B. to C. of D. with

40. Mary is the top student in the class. She studies harder .

A. than any student B. than all the students

C. than any other student D. than some other student

41. Many people have applied for the position.

A. empty B. bare C. vacant D. blank

42. My new shoes cost me 50 yuan (RMB). The price was that the last pair I bought a month ago.

A. two time more than B. twice as much as

C. as twice D. as much as twice

43. Almost everyone failed on the first day.

A. pass his driver’s test B. to have passed his driver’s test

C. to pass his driver’s test D. passing his driver’s test

44. Over the traditional festival people visit each other and greetings.

A. exchange B. wish C. congratulate D. present

45. It was because he was tired out that he fell asleep standing up.

A. publicly B. openly C. specially D. obviously

46. The young man was accused of the lady of her money.

A. stealing B. robbing C. taking D. grasping

47. No matter where our Party needs us, we will her call.

A. give answer for B. respond to

C. have response to D. answer to

48. It is astonishing that a person of your intelligence be cheated so easily.

A. could B. should C. might D. would

49. We were completely when we finally reached the destination.

A. worn off B. worn down C. worn out D. worn away

50. Many things impossible in the past are common today.

A. considered B. to consider C. considering D. to be considered

51. Not until many years later known.

A. was the whole truth become B. did the whole truth become

C. the whole truth became D. the whole truth had became

52. We didn’t know his telephone number, otherwise we him.

A. would telephone B. would have telephoned

C. had telephoned D. must have telephoned

53. There is no point with him, since he has already made up his mind.

A. argue B. to argue C. in arguing D. of arguing

54. I appreciate that letter for me.

A. you to write B. your writing C. you write D. that you writing

55. I’d like to a special seat for the connect of May 5.

A. serve B. reserve C. preserve D. conserve

56. that son is well again, you no longer have anything to worry about.

A. Since B. Now C. When D. After

57. Generally speaking, all kinds of materials will expand when heated but will when cooled.

A. contrast B. contract C. survive D. return

58. You won’t know if it fits you until you it on.

A. will try B. are trying C. are to try D. have tried

59. After all efforts in vain, he had to accept the result .

A. regularly B. shallowly C. physically D. painfully

60. The rest of his life is to the cause of international exchanges of visiting scholars.

A. added B. put C. saved D. committed

简述建筑电气安装工程中的预检主要内容是什么?

Directions:

In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences. You are required to complete each one by deciding on the most appropriate word or words from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

21、 62% of the people surveyed said they always avoided ______ theirsmartphones during meals.

A. use B. using C. to use D. used

22、 The HR department is a critical part of employee well-being in any business, no matter ______ small it is.

A. how B. what C. where D. which

23、 According to the regulation, inspections______ to ensure that the systems are in good condition.

A. demanded B. have demanded C. be demanded D. are demanded

24、 Before you think about asking for a promotion, make sure that either a position opening exists ______ a new position is needed to be created.

A. and B. nor C. or D. but

25、 The traffic was making so much noise that I couldn't hear what he ______.

A. is saying B. was saying C. has said D. will say

26、 Our company culture is ______ makes us successful in creating a friendly and exciting environment.

A. where B. how C. what D. why

27、 Most people were greatly shocked by the news ______ the IT company had gone bankrupt.

A. what B. how C. why D. that

28、 I would probably try to find a better job if I ______ in your position.

A. am B. were C. have been D. be

29、 If you are ______ busy to attend the meeting, you can send your assistant to take your place.

A. very B. so C. too D. more

30、 I had to wait for another two months to be able to have the car ______.

A. fixing B. fix C. to fix D. fixed

承包单位提请施工组织设计(施工方案)报审时，应满足哪些条件?