PartIIICloze
Directions:Therearetwentyblanksinthefollowingpassage.Foreachblanktherearefourchoices.ChoosetheonethatbestfitsintothepassageandthenmarksyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.
Beforethe20thcenturythehorseprovideddaytodaytransportationintheUnitedStates.Trainswereusedonlyforlong-distancetransportation.
Todaythecaristhemostpopular61oftransportationinalloftheUnitedStates.Ithascompletely62thehorseasameansofeverydaytransportation.Americansusetheircarsfor6390percentofallpersonal64.
MostAmericansareableto65cars.
Theaveragepriceofa66madecarwas1050in1950,1740in1960andupto1750671975.DuringthisperiodAmericancarmanufacturerssetabout68theirproductsandworkefficiency.
Asaresult,theyearlyincomeofthe69familyincreasedfrom1950to197570thanthepriceofcars.Forthisreason71anewcartakesasmaller72ofafamily’stotalearningstoday.
In195173ittook8.1monthsofanaveragefamily’s74tobuyanewcar.In1962anewcar758.3ofafamily’sannualearnings.By1975itonlytook4.7576income.Inaddition,the1975carsweretechnically77tomodelsfrompreviousyears.
The78oftheautomobileextendsthroughouttheeconomy79thecarissoimportanttoAmericans.Americansspendmoremoneyto80theircarsrunningthanonanyotheritem.
61.A.kindsB.meansC.meanD.types
62.A.deniedB.reproducedC.replacedD.ridiculed
63.A.hardlyB.nearlyC.certainlyD.somehow
64.A.tripB.worksC.businessD.travel
65.A.buyB.sellC.raceD.see
66.A.quicklyB.regularlyC.rapidlyD.recently
67.A.onB.inC.behindD.about
68.A.raisingB.makingC.reducingD.improving
69.A.unusualB.interestedC.averageD.biggest
70.A.slowestB.equalC.fasterD.lessthan
71.A.bringingB.obtainC.boughtD.purchasing
72.A.partB.halfC.numberD.side
73.A.clearlyB.proportionallyC.percentageD.suddenly
74.A.incomeB.workC.plansD.debts
75.A.usedB.spendC.costD.needed
76.A.months’B.dollarsC.familyD.year
77.A.famousB.superiorC.fastestD.purchasing
78.A.runningB.noticeC.influenceD.discussion
79.A.thenB.asC.soD.which
80.A.startB.leaveC.keepD.repair
61-65 BCBDA
66-70 DBDCC
71-75 DABAC
76-80 ABCBC
暂无解析
PartIVTranslation
Itwouldhavebeendifficultforthemtoavoidtheconclusionthatthehorseandmulepopulationwoulddeclinerapidly.(PassageFour)
Passage3
Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
About70millionAmericansaretryingtolossweight.Thatisalmost1outofevery3peopleintheUnitedStates.Somepeoplegoonideas.Thismeanstheyeatlesscertainfoods,especiallyfatsandsugars.Otherpeopleexercisewithespecialequipment,takedietpills,orevenhavesurgery.Losingweightishardwork,anditcanalsocostalotofmoney.SowhydosomanypeopleintheUnitedStateswanttoloseweight?
ManypeopleintheUnitedStatesworryaboutnotlookingyoungandattractive.Formanypeople,lookinggoodalsomeansbeingthin.Otherpeopleworryabouttheirhealth.Manydoctorssaybeingoverweightisnothealthy.ButareAmericansreallyfat?Almost30millionAmericansweightatleast20percentmorethantheiridealweight.Infact,theUnitedStateisthemostoverweightcountryinthewild.“ThestoredfatofadultAmericansweight2.3trillionpounds,”saysUniversityofMassachusettsanthropologist(人类学家)GeorgeArmelagos.Hesaysburningoffthatstoredenergywouldproduceenoughpowerfor900,000carstogo12,000miles.
Losingweightishardwork,butmostpeoplewanttofindafastandeasywaytotakeofffat.Bookstoresselllotsofdietbooks.Thesebookstellreadershowtoloseweight.Eachyear,dozensofnewbookslikethesearewritten.Eachoneboaststohelppeopletogetridoffat.
11.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasawayoflosingweight?
A.Toeatlessfatsandsugars.B.Toworkhard.
12.ManyAmericansaretryingtoloseweightbecause.
A.theywanttolookattractiveB.theyaremisledbydoctors
C.theywanttokeepfitD.bothAandC
13.Thefiguresgiveninthesecondparagraphsuggestthat.
A.AmericansaredependentoncarsB.carsconsumealotofmoney
C.AmericansneedloseweightD.excessoffatcanbeasourceofenergy
14.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat.
A.dietbooksarenotalwayseffectiveB.dietbooksareusuallyhelpful
C.therearelotsofwaysoflosingweightD.bookstoresarekeepingtheirpromises
15.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat.
A.peoplethinktoomuchoftheirappearance
B.thereisnotasurewayoflosingweightasyet
C.surgeryisthefastestwayoflosingweight
D.goingondietisasafewayoflosingweight
Passage4
Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Successfulinnovationshavedrivenmanyoldertechnologiestoextinctionandhaveresultedinhigherproductivity,greaterconsumptionofenergy,increaseddemandofrawmaterials,acceleratedflowofmaterialsthroughtheeconomyandincreasedquantitiesofmetalsandothersubstancesinuseeachperson.Thehistoryofindustrialdevelopmentaboundswithexamples.
In1870,horsesandmulesweretheprimesourceofpoweronU.S.farms.Onehorseormulewasrequiredtosupportfourhumanbeingsaratiothatremainedalmostconstantformanydecades.Atthattime,hadanationalcommissionbeenaskedtoforecastthepopulationfor1970,itsanswerprobablywouldhavedependedonwhetheritsconsultantswereofaneconomicortechnologicalturnofmind.Hadtheybeen“economists”,theywouldprobablyhaveprojectedthe1970horsesormulepopulationtobemorethan50million.Hadtheybeen“technologists”,theywouldhaverecognizedthatthepowerofsteamhadalreadybeenharnessedtoindustryandtolearnandoceantransport.Theywouldhaverecognizedfurtherthatitwouldbetheprimesourceofpoweronthefarm.Itwouldhavebeendifficultforthemtoavoidtheconclusionthatthehorseandmulepopulationwoulddeclinerapidly.
16.Accordingtothepassage,whatsuppliedmostofthepoweronU.S.farmsin1870?
A.AnimalsB.HumansC.EnginesD.Water
17.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedbytheauthorasaconsequenceofnewtechnologicaldevelopments?
A.Oldertechnologiesdieaway.
B.ThequalityoflifeisImproved.
C.Overallproductivityincrease.
D.Morerawmaterialsbecomenecessary.
18.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatby1870.
A.technologybegantobemoreeconomical
B.thesteamenginehadbeeninvented
C.theU.S.horsepopulationwasabout10million
D.anationalcommissionwasabout10million
19.Inthesecondparagraph,theauthorsuggeststhat“economists”would.
A.plantheeconomythroughyearlyforecasts
B.failtoconsidertheinfluenceoftechnologicalinnovation
C.valuetheeconomiccontributionoffarmanimals
D.consultthenationalcommissionontheeconomy
20.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardchangesbroughtonbytechnologicalinnovations?
A.Heisexcitedaboutthem.
B.Heacceptthemasnatural.
C.Heisdisturbedbythem.
D.Hequestionstheirusefulness.
防渗墙施工的主要过程有哪些?
存储过程的优点是什么?
背景资料:
某写字楼工程,地下1层,地上15层,框架剪力墙结构。首层中厅高12米,施工单位的项目部编制的模板支架施工方案是满堂扣件式钢管脚手架,方案由项目部技术负责人审批后实施。施工中,某工人在中厅高空搭设脚手架时随手将扳白手放在脚手架上,脚手架受振动后扳手从上面滑落,顺着楼板预留洞口(平面尺寸0.25m×0.50m)砸到在地下室施工的王姓工人头部。由于王姓工人认为在室内的楼板下作业没有危险,故没有戴安全帽,被砸成重伤。
问题:
1.分析该起安全事故的原因。
2.写出该模板支架施工方案正确的审批程序。
3.扳手放在脚手架上是否正确?说明理由。
4.何谓“三宝”和“四口”?本例的预留洞口应如何防护?
某工程,建设单位通过招标与甲施工单位签订了土建工程施工合同,包括A~I共9项工作,合同工期200天;与乙施工单位签订了设备安装施工合同,包括P、Q共2项工作,合同工期70天。经甲乙双方协调,并经项目监理机构批准的施工进度计划如图2014-5-1所示。
工程施工过程中发生如下事件:
【事件1】:工作B、C和H均需使用土方施工机械,由于机械调配原因,施工单位仅安排一台土方施工机械进行工作B、C和H的施工作业。
【事件2】:甲施工单位施工的设备基础(工作F)验收时,项目监理机构发现设备基础预埋件位置与运抵施工现场待安装的设备尺寸不一致。经查,是因设计单位原因所致。设计单位修改了设备基础设计图纸并按程序进行了审批与会签,甲施工单位按照变更后的设计图纸进行了返工处理,发生费用5万元。处理该变更用时20天。甲施工单位在合同约定的时限内通过项目监理机构向建设单位提出了费用补偿5万元和工程延期20天的要求。
【事件3】:受到事件2的影响,乙施工单位窝工损2万元。乙施工单位在合同约定的时限内通过项目监理机构向建设单位提出了费用补偿2万元和工程延期20天的要求。
【事件4】:工作G经项目监理机构验收后进行了覆盖,项目监理机构又对工作G的施工质量提出复验要求,甲施工单位不同意复验,项目监理机构坚持要求复验,甲施工单位进行剥离后,复验结果表明工程质量合格。
问题:
1、事件1中,在不改变施工总工期和各项工作工艺关系的前提下,甲施工单位应如何安排B、C和H三项工作的施工顺序?为完成B、C和H三项工作,土方施工机械在施工现场的最少闲置时间是多少天?
2、写出事件2中项目监理机构处理该设计变更的程序。
3、事件2中,项目监理机构是否应批准甲施工单位提出的费用补偿和工程延期要求?分别说明理由。
4、事件3中,项目监理机构是否应批准乙施工单位提出的费用补偿和工程延期要求?分别说明理由。
5、事件4中,甲施工单位和项目监理机构的做法是否妥当?分别说明理由。
简述OSI参考模型的结构
请分别简述利用thinter模块、turtle模块和graphics模块绘图时各自的绘图步骤。
简述元组与列表的异同。并简述它们各自的用途。
模板按架立特性分为哪几类?各自适用条件是什么?
背景资料:
某市博览中心机电工程由某安装公司以EPC合同总承包,合同约定,工期为2年,合同价为固定总价。机电工程中的一些主要设备由业主指定供货商,其中空调工程的冷水机组等设备,业主指定了某国厂商的产品。安装公司及时向厂商进行了产品询价,得知设备从订货、运输到施工现场最少需要6个月,故安装公司及时与该厂商的国内代理签订了设备供货合同。工程施工到6个月后,因该国的政局不稳定,冷水机组等设备延期60天到达我国口岸,所以冷水机组等设备在通关时,未经商检就直接运到施工现场。安装公司组织本公司人员对设备进行了开箱验收。因设备晚到60天,安装公司调整了施工进度计划,增加施工人员和机械设备,加班加点,冷水机组等设备按原计划安装到位,通电试运行并验收合格。由于安装公司因赶工期增加了费用支出,向业主提出费用索赔,被业主拒绝。
问题:
1.根据背景,说明安装公司中标的工程项目包含哪些承包内容?
2.冷水机组到达施工现场如何进行开箱验收?
3.针对背景中的风险,安装公司在订立设备采购合同时应采取什么对策?
4.指出安装公司向业主提出索赔被拒绝的理由。
西部某省为承接东部地区产业转移,推动区域协调发展,拟在具有相关产业均衡和配套条件的A市和B市中选择一个区县重点布局产业聚集发展区,并委托一咨询公司开展相关研究,经过初步分析,咨询公司从A和B市各筛选两位区县G,H和K,M,在此基础上进一步必选,为研究经济发展的聚集程度和资源环境承载能力该咨询公司拟从城市首位应分析和资源承载能力分析两个维度开展研究,收集和整理相关信息见表2-1、2-2。
表2—1
表2—2
问题:
1、计算A市的二城市首位度指数和四城市首位度指数;
2、结合计算的首位度指数,分析该省的区域结构和城市聚集状况;
3、基于区域协调发展要求,应选择哪个市布局产业聚集发展区,说明理由;
4、基于资源环境承载力分析,应选择哪个县布局产业聚集发展区,说明理由。