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场独立型学生比场依存型学生的问题解决水平高。

要求:对上述观点作出判断和分析。条理清楚,350字左右。

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正确答案:

错误。威特金等在垂直视知觉的一系列研究中,发现了两种认知方式的个体差异,即场独立型和场依存型的差异。这两种差异主要表现在人对外部环境(“场”)的不同依赖程度上。场依存与场独立是两种普遍存在的认知方式。场独立型认知方式的人,常常利用自己内部的参照来判断客观事物,不易受外界的影响和干扰。场依存型认知方式的人则倾向于以外部参照作为信息加工的依据,他们的态度和自我知觉更容易受周围的人们,特别是权威人士的影响和干扰,善于察言观色,注意并记忆言语信息中的社会内容。认知风格或认知方式是个体偏爱的加工信息的方式,无优劣好坏之分,不能决定学习或问题解决水平的高低。

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