经济萧条时,政府应如何使用财政政策使经济走向繁荣 ?
财政政策的主要内容包括政府支出 (政府购买、举办公共工程等 )和税收。 政府支出对于国民收入是一种扩张性的力量, 增加政府支出可以扩大总需求,增加国民收入。
政府支出对国民收入作用的大小还取决于政府投资乘数的大小,乘数越大,同样政府支出带动的国民收入增加量越大。 政府税收对于国民收入是一种收缩性的力量,但减少税收可以扩大总需求,增加国民收入。
根据上述职则,财政政策的运用应该是:
在经济萧条时,国民收入小于充分就业的均衡,总需求不足,所以政府应该增加政府支出,减少税收以便刺激总需求扩大, 消灭失业。增加政府支出, 包括增加公共工程开支, 增加政府购买, 增加转移支付,这样一方面直接增加了总需求,另一方面又刺激了私人消费与投资, 间接增加了总需求。
减少政府税收(包括免税和退税 ) 也可以扩大总需求, 这是因为减少个人所得税可以使个人有更多的可支配收入, 从而增加消费 ;减少公司所得税可以刺激公司的投资 ;减少间接税也会刺激消费与投资。
暂无解析
I was greatly shocked by the way __________ things were done there.
完型填空(本大题共 10 小题,每小题 1 分,共 10 分)从选项中选择一个最适合短文的选项,错选、多选或未选均无分。
Jogging is becoming one of the ___21___ growing activities in the nation. More people are starting jog each year. This, however, is a recent occurrence. It was not long ago __22____ joggers were rare sight. Some people thought that they looked quite strange. As __23____ people began jogging the sight of them became more common. There are many reasons ___24___ a person to take up jogging. First, it is a good form of exercise. This is __25____ it involves the use of many parts of the body. The exercising of the heart is of great benefit. This is one of the most important parts of the human body. If the heart does not get the needed exercise, serious problems can occur. ___26___ reason for jogging is for enjoyment. ___27___ being good for people, it can also be very much fun. Part of the fun of jogging comes from the opportunity it provides for meeting other people who enjoy it. One ___28___ that should be considered ___29___ a person takes up jogging as a form of exercise of enjoyment is that it is not for everyone. People should first check 30 their doctors and be prepared to find another form of exercise if jogging is not recommended.
21. A. fastest B. quickest C. most D. best
22. A. when B. while C. that D. as
23. A. many B. those C. more D. the
24. A. of B. with C. for D. in
25. A. that B. why C. reasonable D. because
26. A. A B. Other C. The other D. Another
27. A. Except B. Except for C. Besides D. Regardless of
28. A. matter B. event C. thing D. occurrences
29. A. of B. that C. what D. when
30. A. out B. over C. on D. with
All of my efforts to__________ peace failed.
Nothing can __________ being unkind to children.
简述我国《著作权法》针对技术措施保护的相关规定。