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人体最灵活的关节是

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肩关节

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试题分类: 初级(口语)
练习次数:0次
Scattered through the seas of the world are billions of tons of small plants and animals called plankton. Most of these plants and animals are too small for the human eye to see. They drift about lazily with the currents, providing a basic food for many larger animals. Plankton has been described as the equivalent of the grasses that grow on the dry land continents, and the comparison is an appropriate one. In potential food value however, plankton far outweighs that of the land grasses. One scientist has estimated that while grasses of the world produce about 49 billion tons of valuable carbohydrates each year. The sea’s plankton generates more than twice as much. Despite its enormous food potential, little effort was made until recently to farm plankton as we farm grasses on land. Now marine scientists have at last begun to study this possibility, especially as the sea’s resources loom even more important as a means of feeding an expanding world population. No one yet has seriously suggested that “planktonburgers” may soon become popular around the world. As a possible farmed supplementary food source, however, plankton is gaining considerable interest among marine scientists. One type of plankton that seems to have great harvest possibilities is a tiny shrimplike creature called krill. Growing to two or three inches long, krill provide the major food for the giant blue whale, the largest animal ever to inhabit the Earth. Realizing that this whale may grow 100 feet and weigh 150 tons at maturity, it is not surprising that each one devours more than one ton of krill daily. Krill swim about just below the surface in huge schools sometimes miles wide, mainly in the cold Antarctic. Because of their pink color, they often appear as a solid reddish mass when viewed from a ship or from the air. Krill are very high in food value. A pound of these crustaceans contains about 460 calories—about the same as shrimp or lobster, to which they are related. If the krill can feed such huge creatures as whales, many scientists reason, they must certainly be contenders as new food source for humans. 1.Which of the following best portrays the organization of the passage? A.The author presents the advantages and disadvantages of plankton as a food source. B.The author quotes public opinion to support the argument for farming plankton. C.The author classifies the different food sources according to amount of carbohydrate. D.The author makes a general statement about plankton as a food source and then moves to a specific example. 2.According to the passage, why is plankton regarded to be more valuable than land grasses? A.It is easier to cultivate. B.It produces more carbohydrates. C.It does not require soil. D.It is more palatable. 3.Why does the author mention “planktonburgers”? A.To describe the appearance of one type of plankton. B.To illustrate how much plankton a whale consumes. C.To suggest plankton as a possible food sources. D.To compare the food values of beef and plankton. 4.What is mentioned as one conspicuous feature of krill? A.They are the smallest marine animals. B.They are pink in color. C.They are similar in size to lobsters. D.They have grass like bodies. 5.The author mentions all of the following as reasons why plankton could be considered a human food source except that it is ___. A.high in food value. B.in abundant supply in the oceans. C.an appropriate food for other animals. D.free of chemicals and pollutants.
试题分类: 大学英语六级
练习次数:1次
The discovery of the Antarctic not only proved one of the most interesting of all geographical adventures, but created what might be called “the heroic age of Antarctic exploration”. By their tremendous heroism, men such as Shakleton, Scott, and Amundsen caused a new continent to emerge from the shadows, and yet that heroic age, little more than a century old, is already passing. Modern science and inventions are revolutionizing the endurance, future journeys into these icy wastes will probably depend on motor vehicles equipped with caterpillar traction rather than on the dogsthat earlier discoverers found so invaluable and hardly comparable. Few realize that this Antarctic continent is almost equal in size to South America, and enormous field of work awaits geographers and prospectors. The coasts of this continent remain to be accurately charted, and the maping of the whole of the interior presents a formidable task to the cartographers who undertake the work. Once their labors are completed, it will be possible to prospect the vast natural resources which scientists believe will furnish one of the largest treasure hoards of metals and minerals the world has yet known, and almost inexhaustible sources of copper,coal, uranium, and many other ores will become available to man. Such discoveries will usher in an era of practical exploitation of the Antarctic wastes. The polar darkness which hides this continent for the six winter months will be defeated by huge batteries of light, and make possible the establishing of air-fields for the future inter-continental air services by making these areas as light as day. Present flying routes will be completely changed, for the Antarctic refueling bases will make flights from Australia to South America comparatively easy over the 5,000 miles journey. The climate is not likely to offer an insuperable problem, for the explorer Admiral Byrd has shown that the climate is possible even for men completely untrained for expeditions into those frozen wastes. Some of his parties were men who had never seen snow before, and yet he records that they survived the rigors of the Antarctic climate comfortably, so that, provided that the appropriate installations are made, we may assume that human beings from all countries could live there safely. Byrd even affirms that it is probably the most healthy climate in the world, for the intense cold of thousands of years has sterilize this continent, and rendered it absolutely germfree, with the consequences that ordinary and extraordinary sickness and diseases from which man suffers in other zones with different climates are here utterly unknown. There exist no problems of conservation and preservation of food supplies, for the latter keep indefinitely without any signs of deterioration; it may even be that later generations will come to regard the Antarctic as the natural storehouse for the whole world. Plans are already on foot to set up permanent bases on the shores of this continent, and what so few years ago was regarded as a “dead continent” now promises to be a most active center of human life and endeavor. 1.When did man begin to explore the Antarctic? A.About 100years ago. B.In this century. C.At the beginning of the 19th century. D.In 1798. 2.What must the explorers be, even though they have modern equipment and techniques? A.Brave and tough B.Stubborn and arrogant. C.Well-liked and humorous. D.Stout and smart. 3.The most healthy climate in the world is___. A.in South America. B.in the Arctic Region. C.in the Antarctic Continent. D.in the Atlantic Ocean. 4.What kind of metals and minerals can we find in the Antarctic? A.Magnetite, coal and ores. B.Copper, coal and uranium. C.Silver, natural gas and uranium. D.Aluminum, copper and natural gas. 5.What is planned for the continent? A.Building dams along the coasts. B.Setting up several summer resorts along the coasts. C.Mapping the coast and whole territory. D.Setting up permanent bases on the coasts.
试题分类: 大学英语六级
练习次数:2次
As Gilbert White,Darwin , and others observed long ago, all species appear to have theinnate capacity to increase their numbers from generation to generation. The task forecologistsis to untangle the environmentaand biologicalfactorsthat hold this intrinsiccapacity for population growth in check over the long run. The great variety of dynamicbehaviorsexhibitedby differentpopulationmakes thistaskmore difficult:sompopulations remain roughly constant from year to year; others exhibit regular cycles ofabundance and scarcity; still others vary wildly, with outbreaks and crashes that arein some cases plainly correlated with the weather, and in other cases not.To impose some order on this kaleidoscopeof patterns , one school of thought proposesdividing populations into two groups. These ecologists posit that the relatively steadypopulations havedensity-dependent growth parameters; that is, rates ofbirth , death ,and migrationwhich depend strongly on population density. The highly varying populationshave density-independent growth parameters, with vital rates buffeted by environmentalevents ;these rates fluctuate in a way that is wholly independent of population density.This dichotomy has its uses, but it can cause problems if taken too literally. Forone thing , no population can be driven entirely by density-independent factors all thetime. No matter how severely or unpredictably birth, death , and migration rates may befluctuatingaround theirlong-termaverages , ifthere were no density-dependenteffects ,the populationwould , in the long run , eitherincrease or decrease without bound (barringa miracle by which gains and losses canceled exactly)。 Put another way, it may be thaton average 99 percent of all deaths in a populationarise from density-independentcauses ,and only one percent from factors varying with density.The factorsmaking up the one percentmay seem unimportant, and their cause may be correspondingly hard to determine. Yet,whether recognized or not, they will usually determine the long-term average populationdensity.In order to understand the nature of theecologist ’s investigation, we may think ofthe density-dependent effectson growth parameters as the signal ecologists are trying toisolateand interpret, one that tends to make the population increase from relativelylowvalues or decrease from relatively high ones, while the density-independent effects actto produce noise in the populationdynamics.For populationsthatremain relativelyconstant , or that oscillate around repeated cycles, the signal can be fairly easilycharacterized and its effects described, even though the causative biological mechanismmay remain unknown. For irregularly fluctuating populations, we are likely to have toofew observations to have any hope of extracting the signal from the overwhelming noise.But it now seems clear that all populationsare regulatedby a mixture of density-dependentand density-independent effects in varying proportions. 1. The author of the text is primarily concerned with [A] Discussing two categories of factorsthat controlpopulationgrowth and assessingtheir relative importance. [B] Describinghow growth ratesin naturalpopulationsfluctuateover time andexplaining why these changes occur. [C] Proposing a hypothesisconcerning population size and suggesting ways to test it. [D] Posing a fundamental question about environmentalfactorsin populationgrowth andpresenting some currently accepted answer. 2. It can be inferred from the text that the author considers the dichotomy discussedto be [A] Applicable only to erratically fluctuating populations. [B] instrumental, but only if its limitations are recognized. [C] Dangerously misleading in most circumstances. [D] A complete and sufficient way to account for observed phenomena. 3.to the text , allof the followingbehaviors have been exhibitedby differentpopulations EXCEPT [A] Roughly constant population levels from year to year. [B] Regular cycles of increases and decreases in numbers. [C] Erratic increases in numbers correlated with the weather. [D] Unchecked increases in numbers over many generations. 4. The discussion concerning population in the third paragraph serves primarily to [A] Demonstrate the difficultiesecologistsface in studying density-dependentfactorslimiting population growth. [B] Advocate more rigorous study of density-dependent factors in population growth. [C] Prove that the death rates of any populationare never entirelydensity-independent. [D] underline the importance of even small density-dependent factors in regulatinglong-term population densities. 5. In the text, the author does all of the following EXCEPT [A] Cite the views of other biologists. [B] Define a basic problem that the text addresses. [C] Present conceptual categories used by other biologists. [D] Describe the results of a particular study.
试题分类: 专业英语八级
练习次数:30次
Part III Cloze Directions: There are twenty blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices. Choose the one that best fits into the passage and then marks your answer on the Answer Sheet. What makes a child speak a language has long been a puzzle to linguists. 61 speaking, there are two schools of linguists, both of whom try to explain 62 a child picks up a language so easily. The fact that a child picks a language 63 is 64 : At one year old, a child is able to say “bye-bye”; at two, he is able to use fifty; by there he begins to 65 tenses. The famous American linguist Noam Chomsky 66 that human being have a sort of built-in system for language use, and that the 67 is 68 . Children are not taught language 69 they are taught arithmetic. Other linguists, 70 , hold the view that a child learns 71 of his language from the hints in the environment. 72 , theorists of both schools 73 that there is a biological basis for language use. The 74 is which is more important, the inner ability or the environment. This is certainly a field 75 to be explored. Researchers from both schools are busy finding evidence to 76 their own theory, but 77 side is persuading the other. It seems that in order to 78 why a child learns a language so easily, we have to 79 the joint efforts of both schools. Some linguist, like De Villiers, has recognized the value of cooperation, and 80 linguists of both sides to work together. 61. A. Surprisingly B. Personally C. Properly D. Roughly 62. A. that B. when C. why D. how 63. A. independently B. naturally C. without help D. with ease 64. A. confusing B. surprising C. questioned D. suspected 65. A. master B. study C. have D. get 66. A. doubts B. believes C. realizes D. criticizes 67. A. help B. teacher C. environment D. hint 68. A. quite essential B. very important C. not necessary D. only secondary 69. A. as B. for C. when D. though 70. A. in particular B. as a result C. however D. therefore 71. A. a little B. some C. nothing D. most 72. A. Before B. From now on C. Just now D. By now 73. A. suspect B. disagree C. agree D. realize 74. A. case B. argument C. problem D. question 75. A. waiting B. planning C. never D. unlikely 76. A. provide B. create C. supply D. support 77. A. not a B. one C. neither D. either 78. A. find out B. rule out C. search for D. look for 79. A. get rid of B. trust in C. rely on D. persist in 80. A. ordered B. criticized C. challenged D. urged
试题分类: 大学英语六级
练习次数:4次
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