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PartIVTranslation

Bymakingvehicleslighterinweightaluminumhasgreatlyreducedtheamountoffuelneededtomovethem,(PassageTwo)

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正确答案:

由于能够减轻运输工具本身的重量,铝材能大大地减少驱动它们本身所需的燃料。

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Directions:

Inthissection,youwillheartwopassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionsmwillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions9to12arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

9、A.Sheescapedunhurt.

B.Shewitnessedtheshooting.

C.Shewasshottodeath.

D.Shewas15yearsold.

10、A.5.B.7.C.11.D.12.

11、A.Spear'sdigitalcamera.

B.Onesuspect'sgun.

C.Thequeen'svideo.

D.Berry'spurse.

12、A.Civiliansshouldkeepawayfromthebusinesszone.

B.Everybodyshouldthinkabouthowtofightagainstcrimes.

C.Governmentshouldscheduletonegotiatewithterrorists.

D.Peopleshouldemigratebecauseofdomestichighcrimerate.PassageTwo

Questions13to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

13、A.Increasingsalaries.

B.Surgingenergyproduction.

C.Boominghousingmarket.

D.Risinginterestrates.

14、A.Increasinginterestrate.

B.Decreasingfinancialproducts.

C.Buyingsubstantialsecurities.

D.Expandingfinancialbusiness.

15、A.Frackingcaninfluencetheburningoffossilfuels.

B.Theuseoffrackingwilldoharmtoenvironment.

C.Frackingtechnologyisasafepracticeinindustry.

D.Theuseoffrackingisbeneficialtopeople'shealth.

Part V Writing

写作指导

这是一篇描写文 (Description)。用通俗的话说,描写文就是用文字给人物、地点、景物画象。一篇描写文主要是通过所感受的细节——所见所闻发展而来的。在写人 时,不仅仅要用细节描写其外貌,而要注重通过他的言行来表现其人物性格、思想和品德,更要抓住他区别于他人的性格特点,这样就容易给读者留下深刻的印象。短文的第一、二段叙述故事发生的时间、地点,故事发生的原因及故事所涉及的人物。文章的三、四、五段描写的是人物的外貌,穿着及性格特点。通过对人物言行 的简单描写来揭示主人翁的助人为乐的高尚精神。短文的最后一段,要用一句话概括作者对主人翁的看法: A good guy。文章有描述,有议论,要加叙加议,有血有肉,上下文连贯要紧密,首尾要呼应,人和事要给人们留下深刻印象。

Paragraphs2and3explain________.

Urban congestion would greatly be relieved if the____charged on public transport were more reasonable.

We are convinced____ the righteousness of our cause.

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1.The failure of a high-profile cholesterol drug has thrown a spotlight on the complicated machinery that regulates cholesterol levels.But many researchers remain confident that drugs to boost levels of 'good' cholesterol are still one of the most promising means to combat spiralling heart disease. 2.Drug company Pfizer announced on 2 December that it was cancelling all clinical trials of torcetrapib,a drug designed to raise heart-protective high-density lipoproteins (HDLs).In a trial of 15000 patients,a safety board found that more people died or suffered cardiovascular problems after taking the drug plus a cholesterol-lowering statin than those in a control group who took the statin alone. 3.The news came as a kick in the teeth to many cardiologists because earlier tests in animals and people suggested it would lower rates of cardiovascular disease."There have been no red flags to my knowledge," says John Chapman,a specialist in lipoproteins and atherosclerosis at the National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) in Paris who has also studied torcetrapib."This cancellation came as a complete shock." 4.Torcetrapib is one of the most advanced of a new breed of drugs designed to raise levels of HDLs,which ferry cholesterol out of artery-clogging plaques to the liver for removal from the body.Specifically,torcetrapib blocks a protein called cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP),which normally transfers the cholesterol from high-density lipoproteins to low density,plaque-promoting ones.Statins,in contrast,mainly work by lowering the 'bad' low-density lipoproteins. Under pressure 5.Researchers are now trying to work out why and how the drug backfired,something that will not become clear until the clinical details are released by Pfizer.One hint lies in evidence from earlier trials that it slightly raises blood pressure in some patients.It was thought that this mild problem would be offset by the heart benefits of the drug.But it is possible that it actually proved fatal in some patients who already suffered high blood pressure.If blood pressure is the explanation,it would actually be good news for drug developers because it suggests that the problems are specific to this compound.Other prototype drugs that are being developed to block CETP work in a slightly different way and might not suffer the same downfall. 6.But it is also possible that the whole idea of blocking CETP is flawed,says Moti Kashyap,who directs atherosclerosis research at the VA Medical Center in Long Beach,California.When HDLs excrete cholesterol in the liver,they actually rely on LDLs for part of this process.So inhibiting CETP,which prevents the transfer of cholesterol from HDL to LDL,might actually cause an abnormal and irreversible accumulation of cholesterol in the body."You're blocking a physiologic mechanism to eliminate cholesterol and effectively constipating the pathway," says Kashyap.Going up 7.Most researchers remain confident that elevating high density lipoproteins levels by one means or another is one of the best routes for helping heart disease patients.But HDLs are complex and not entirely understood.One approved drug,called niacin,is known to both raise HDL and reduce cardiovascular risk but also causes an unpleasant sensation of heat and tingling.Researchers are exploring whether they can bypass this side effect and whether niacin can lower disease risk more than statins alone.Scientists are also working on several other means to bump up high-density lipoproteins by,for example,introducing synthetic HDLs."The only thing we know is dead in the water is torcetrapib,not the whole idea of raising HDL," says Michael Miller,director of preventive cardiology at the University of Maryland Medical Center,Baltimore. Questions 7-13 Match torcetrapib,HDLs,statin and CETP with their functions (Questions 8-13)..Write the correct letter A,B,C or D in boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet.NB You may use any letter more than once. 7.It has been administered to over 10,000 subjects in a clinical trial. 8.It could help rid human body of cholesterol. 9.Researchers are yet to find more about it. 10.It was used to reduce the level of cholesterol. 11.According to Kashyap,it might lead to unwanted result if it's blocked. 12.It produced contradictory results in different trials. 13.It could inhibit LDLs.List of choices A.TorcetrapicB.HDLSC.StatinD.CETP
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