Letchildrenlearntojudgetheirownwork.Achildlearningtotalkdoesnotlearnbybeingcorrectedallthetime;ifcorrectedtoomuch,hewillstoptalking.Henoticesathousandtimesadaythedifferencebetweenthelanguagesheusesandthelanguagethosearoundhimuse.Bitbybit,hemakesthenecessarychangestomakehislanguagelikeotherpeople.Inthesameway,whenchildrenlearntodoalltheotherthingstheylearntodowithoutbeingtaught-towalk,run,climb,whistle,rideabicycle-comparethoseperformanceswiththoseofmoreskilledpeople,andslowlymaketheneededchanges.Butinschoolwenevergiveachildachancetofindouthisownmistakesforhimself,letalonecorrectthem.Wedoitallforhim.Weactasifwethoughtthathewouldnevernoticeamistakeunlessitwaspointedouttohim,orcorrectitunlesshewasmadeto.Soonhebecomesdependentontheteacher.Lethimdoithimself.Lethimworkout,withthehelpofotherchildrenifhewantsit,whatthiswordsays,whatansweristothatproblem,whetherthisisagoodwayofsayingordoingthisornot.
Ifitisamatterofrightanswers,asitmaybeinmathematicsorscience,givehimtheanswerbook.Lethimcorrecthisownpapers.Whyshouldweteacherswastetimeonsuchroutinework?Ourjobshouldbetohelpthechildwhenhetellsusthathecan’tfindthewaytogettherightanswer.Let’sendthisnonsenseofgrades,exams,marks,Letusthrowthemallout,andletthechildrenlearnwhatalleducatedpersonsmustsomedaylearn,howtomeasuretheirownunderstanding,howtoknowwhattheyknowordonotknow.
Letthemgetonwiththisjobinthewaythatseemssensibletothem.Withourhelpasschoolteachersiftheyaskforit.Theideathatthereisabodyofknowledgetobelearntatschoolandusedfortherestofone’slifeisnonsenseinaworldascomplicatedandrapidlychangingasours.Anxiousparentsandteacherssay,“Butsupposetheyfailtolearnsomethingessentialtheywillneedtogetintheworld?”Don’tworry!Ifitisessential,theywillgooutintotheworldandlearnit.
1.Whatdoestheauthorthinkisthebestwayforchildrentolearnthings?
A.bycopyingwhatotherpeopledo.
B.bymakingmistakesandhavingthemcorrected.
C.bylisteningtoexplanationsfromskilledpeople.
D.byaskingagreatmanyquestions.
2.Whatdoestheauthorthinkteachersdowhichtheyshouldnotdo?
A.Theygivechildrencorrectanswers.
B.Theypointoutchildren’smistakestothem.
C.Theyallowchildrentomarktheirownwork.
D.Theyencouragechildrentomarktocopyfromoneanother.
3.Thepassagesuggeststhatlearningtospeakandlearningtorideabicycleare___.
A.notreallyimportantskills.
B.moreimportantthanotherskills.
C.basicallydifferentfromlearningadultskills.
D.basicallythesameaslearningotherskills.
4.Exams,grades,andmarksshouldbeabolishedbecausechildren’sprogressshouldonlybeestimatedby___.
A.educatedpersons.
B.thechildrenthemselves.
C.teachers.
D.parents.
5.Theauthorfearsthatchildrenwillgrowupintoadultswhilebeing___.
A.tooindependentofothers.
B.toocriticalofthemselves.
C.incapabletothinkforthemselves.
D.incapabletousebasicskills.
ABDBC
暂无解析
翻译训练：地域特色文明
文明是多彩的，人类文明因多样才有交流互鉴的价值。文明是平等的，人类文明因平等才有交流互鉴的前提。文明是包容的，人类文明因包容才有交流互鉴的动力。
当今世界，人类生活在不同文化、种族、肤色、宗教和不同社会制度所组成的世界里，各国人民形成了你中有我、我中有你的命运共同体。应该推动不同文明相互尊重、和谐共处，让文明交流互鉴成为增进各国人民友谊的桥梁、推动人类社会进步的动力、维护世界和平的纽带。应该从不同文明中寻求智慧、汲取营养，为人们提供精神支撑和心灵慰藉，携手解决人类共同面临的各种挑战。
PartIReadingComprehension
Directions:Inthisparttherearefourpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyfourcomprehensionquestions.Readthepassageandanswerthequestions.ThenmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.
Passage1
Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Someyearsagothecaptainofashipwasveryinterestedinmedicine.Healwaystookmedicinebookstoseaandlikedtotalkaboutdifferentdiseases.
Onedayalazysailoronhisshippretendedtobeill.Helayonhisbunk(铺)andgroanedasifhewereverysick.Thecaptaincametoseehimandwasverypleasedtohaveapatienttolookafter.Hetoldthemantorestforafewdaysandmadetheothersailorsdohiswork.Threedayslateranothersailorpretendedthathehadsomethingwrongwithhischest.Oncemorethecaptainlookedinhismedicalbooksandtold“sick”mantohavearest.
Theothersailorswereveryangrybecausetheyhadmoreworktodo.Thepatientshadthebestfoodandlaughedattheirfriendswhenthecaptainwasnotlooking.Atlastthemate(船长副手)decidedtocurethe“sick”men.Hemixedupsomesoap,soot(烟灰),glue(胶水)andotherunpleasantthings.Thenheobtainedpermissionfromthecaptaintogivehismedicinetothe“sick”men.Whentheytastedthemedicine,theyreallydidfeelill.Itwassohorriblethatoneofthepatientsjumpedoutofhibunk,ranupondeskandclimbedthehighestmastontheship.Hedidnotwantanymoremedicine.
Thematetoldbothofthementhattheymusttakethemedicineeveryhalfanhour,nightandday.Thissooncuredthem.Theybothsaidtheyfeltbetterandwantedtostartwordagain.Thecaptainrealizedthatthementriedtodeceivehimsohemadethemworkveryhardfortherestofthevoyage.
1.Thefirstsailorpretendedtobeillbecausehewantedto.
A.testthecaptain’sknowledgeofmedicineB.befreefromwork
C.havethebestfoodontheshipD.playajokeonhisfriends
2.Whenthecaptainknewasailorwasill,he.
A.didn’tcaremuchB.sentforadoctor
C.lookedafterhimandtoldhimtohavearestD.gavehimsomemedicine
3.Thepatientsfeltbetterquicklybecause.
A.theyhadbeengivenpropermedicine
B.theylearnedthatthecaptainhadfoundoutthetruth
C.theywerelaughedatbytheirfriends
D.themedicinethemategavewashorrible
4.Whenthecaptainknewhehadbeendeceived,he.
A.toldthemnottodosoagainB.losthistemper
C.madethemworkharderD.firedthem
5.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthepassage?
A.AsuddenCure.B.TwoPatients.C.CaptainandSailors.D.ADifficultVoyage.
Onereasonwhycollegesincreasetuitionandfeesisthatthestatesupportisshrinking.
翻译训练：大学生创业
近年来大学生创业(entrepreneurship)问题越来越受到社会的关注,因为受过多年教育的大学生属于高级知识分子,他们背负着社会的种种期望。在社会经济繁荣发展的同时,大学生创业也成为新气象。现代大学生有创新精神,有对传统观念和传统行业挑战的信心和欲望,而这种创新精神也成为大学生创业的动力源泉,成为成功创业的信心基础。大学生怀揣创业梦想,努力打拼,实现自己的理想,证明自己的价值。
Scatteredthroughtheseasoftheworldarebillionsoftonsofsmallplantsandanimalscalledplankton.Mostoftheseplantsandanimalsaretoosmallforthehumaneyetosee.Theydriftaboutlazilywiththecurrents,providingabasicfoodformanylargeranimals.Planktonhasbeendescribedastheequivalentofthegrassesthatgrowonthedrylandcontinents,andthecomparisonisanappropriateone.Inpotentialfoodvaluehowever,planktonfaroutweighsthatofthelandgrasses.Onescientisthasestimatedthatwhilegrassesoftheworldproduceabout49billiontonsofvaluablecarbohydrateseachyear.Thesea’splanktongeneratesmorethantwiceasmuch.
Despiteitsenormousfoodpotential,littleeffortwasmadeuntilrecentlytofarmplanktonaswefarmgrassesonland.Nowmarinescientistshaveatlastbeguntostudythispossibility,especiallyasthesea’sresourcesloomevenmoreimportantasameansoffeedinganexpandingworldpopulation.
Nooneyethasseriouslysuggestedthat“planktonburgers”maysoonbecomepopulararoundtheworld.Asapossiblefarmedsupplementaryfoodsource,however,planktonisgainingconsiderableinterestamongmarinescientists.
Onetypeofplanktonthatseemstohavegreatharvestpossibilitiesisatinyshrimplikecreaturecalledkrill.Growingtotwoorthreeincheslong,krillprovidethemajorfoodforthegiantbluewhale,thelargestanimalevertoinhabittheEarth.Realizingthatthiswhalemaygrow100feetandweigh150tonsatmaturity,itisnotsurprisingthateachonedevoursmorethanonetonofkrilldaily.
Krillswimaboutjustbelowthesurfaceinhugeschoolssometimesmileswide,mainlyinthecoldAntarctic.Becauseoftheirpinkcolor,theyoftenappearasasolidreddishmasswhenviewedfromashiporfromtheair.Krillareveryhighinfoodvalue.Apoundofthesecrustaceanscontainsabout460calories—aboutthesameasshrimporlobster,towhichtheyarerelated.
Ifthekrillcanfeedsuchhugecreaturesaswhales,manyscientistsreason,theymustcertainlybecontendersasnewfoodsourceforhumans.
1.Whichofthefollowingbestportraystheorganizationofthepassage?
A.Theauthorpresentstheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofplanktonasafoodsource.
B.Theauthorquotespublicopiniontosupporttheargumentforfarmingplankton.
C.Theauthorclassifiesthedifferentfoodsourcesaccordingtoamountofcarbohydrate.
D.Theauthormakesageneralstatementaboutplanktonasafoodsourceandthenmovestoaspecificexample.
2.Accordingtothepassage,whyisplanktonregardedtobemorevaluablethanlandgrasses?
A.Itiseasiertocultivate.
B.Itproducesmorecarbohydrates.
C.Itdoesnotrequiresoil.
D.Itismorepalatable.
3.Whydoestheauthormention“planktonburgers”?
A.Todescribetheappearanceofonetypeofplankton.
B.Toillustratehowmuchplanktonawhaleconsumes.
C.Tosuggestplanktonasapossiblefoodsources.
D.Tocomparethefoodvaluesofbeefandplankton.
4.Whatismentionedasoneconspicuousfeatureofkrill?
A.Theyarethesmallestmarineanimals.
B.Theyarepinkincolor.
C.Theyaresimilarinsizetolobsters.
D.Theyhavegrasslikebodies.
5.Theauthormentionsallofthefollowingasreasonswhyplanktoncouldbeconsideredahumanfoodsourceexceptthatitis___.
A.highinfoodvalue.
B.inabundantsupplyintheoceans.
C.anappropriatefoodforotheranimals.
D.freeofchemicalsandpollutants.
