Theoldmanshouldbetreatedwith____.
A、kindB
暂无解析
Ibelievethatremark____fromwhatyousaidyesterday.
Themajorityofsuccessfulseniormanagersdonotcloselyfollowtheclassicalrationalmodeloffirstclarifyinggoals,assessingtheproblem,formulatingoptions,estimatinglikelihoodsofsuccess,makingadecision,andonlythentakingactiontoimplementthedecision.Rather,intheirday-by-daytacticalmaneuvers,theseseniorexecutivesrelyonwhatisvaguelytermedintuitiontomanageanetworkofinterrelatedproblemsthatrequirethemtodealwithambiguity,inconsistency,novelty,andsurprise;andtointegrateactionintotheprocessofthinking.Generationsofwritersonmanagementhaverecognizedthatsomepracticingmanagersrelyheavilyonintuition.Ingeneral,however,suchwritersdisplayapoorgraspofwhatintuitionis.Someseeitastheoppositeofrationality;othersviewitasanexcuseforcapriciousness.Isenberg'srecentresearchonthecognitiveprocessesofseniormanagersrevealsthatmanagers'intuitionisneitherofthese.Rather,seniormanagersuseintuitioninatleastfivedistinctways.First,theyintuitivelysensewhenaproblemexists.Second,managersrelyonintuitiontoperformwell-learnedbehaviorpatternsrapidly.Thisintuitionisnotarbitraryorirrational,butisbasedonyearsofpainstakingpracticeandhands-onexperiencethatbuildskills.Athirdfunctionofintuitionistosynthesizeisolatedbitsmofdataandpracticeintoanintegratedpicture,ofteninanAha!experience.Fourth,somemanagersuseintuitionasacheckontheresultsofmorerationalanalysis.Mostseniorexecutivesarefamiliarwiththeformaldecisionanalysismodelsandtools,andthosewhousesuchsystematicmethodsforreachingdecisionsareoccasionallyleeryofsolutionssuggestedbythesemethodswhichruncountertotheirsenseofthecorrectcourseofaction.Finally,managerscanuseintuitiontobypassin-depthanalysisandmoverapidlytoengenderaplausiblesolution.Usedinthisway,intuitionisanalmostinstantaneouscognitiveprocessinwhichamanagerrecognizesfamiliarpatterns.Oneoftheimplicationsoftheintuitivestyleofexecutivemanagementisthatthinkingisinseparablefromacting.Sincemanagersoftenknowwhatisrightbeforetheycananalyzeandexplainit,theyfrequentlyactfirstandexplainlater.Analysisisinextricablytiedtoactioninthinking/actingcycles,inwhichmanagersdevelopthoughtsabouttheircompaniesandorganizationsnotbyanalyzingaproblematicsituationandthenacting,butbyactingandanalyzingincloseconcert.Giventhegreatuncertaintyofmanyofthemanagementissuesthattheyface,seniormanagersofteninstigateacourseofactionsimplytolearnmoreaboutanissue.Theythenusetheresultsoftheactiontodevelopamorecompleteunderstandingoftheissue.Oneimplicationofthinking/actingcyclesisthatactionisoftenpartofdefiningtheproblem,notjustofimplementingthesolution.
1.Accordingtothetext,seniormanagersuseintuitioninallofthefollowingwaysEXCEPTto
[A]Speedupofthecreationofasolutiontoaproblem.
[B]Identifyaproblem.
[C]Bringtogetherdisparatefacts.
[D]Stipulatecleargoals.
2.Thetextsuggestswhichofthefollowingaboutthewritersonmanagementmentionedinline1,paragraph2
[A]Theyhavecriticizedmanagersfornotfollowingtheclassicalrationalmodelofdecisionanalysis.
[B]Theyhavenotbasedtheiranalysesonasufficientlylargesampleofactualmanagers.
[C]Theyhavereliedindrawingtheirconclusionsonwhatmanagerssayratherthanonwhatmanagersdo.
[D]Theyhavemisunderstoodhowmanagersuseintuitioninmakingbusinessdecisions.
3.ItcanbeinferredfromthetextthatwhichofthefollowingwouldmostprobablybeonemajordifferenceinbehaviorbetweenManagerX,whousesintuitiontoreachdecisions,andManagerY,whousesonlyformaldecisionanalysis
[A]ManagerXanalyzesfirstandthenacts;ManagerYdoesnot.
[B]ManagerXcheckspossiblesolutionstoaproblembysystematicanalysis;ManagerYdoesnot.
[C]ManagerXtakesactioninordertoarriveatthesolutiontoaproblem;ManagerYdoesnot.
[D]ManagerYdrawsonyearsofhands-onexperienceincreatingasolutiontoaproblem;ManagerXdoesnot.
4.Thetextprovidessupportforwhichofthefollowingstatements
[A]Managerswhorelyonintuitionaremoresuccessfulthanthosewhorelyonformaldecisionanalysis.
[B]Managerscannotjustifytheirintuitivedecisions.
[C]Managers''intuitionworkscontrarytotheirrationalandanalyticalskills.
[D]Intuitionenablesmanagerstoemploytheirpracticalexperiencemoreefficiently.
5.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthefirstparagraphofthetext
[A]Anassertionismadeandaspecificsupportingexampleisgiven.
[B]Aconventionalmodelisdismissedandanalternativeintroduced.
[C]Theresultsofrecentresearchareintroducedandsummarized.
[D]Twoopposingpointsofviewarepresentedandevaluated.
Ihopeyouwillspendasmuchtimeasyoucan________yourEnglish.
汉译英:生活就像一杯红酒,热爱生活的人会从其中品出无穷无尽的美妙。将它握在手中仔细观察,它的暗红色中有血的感觉,那正是生命的痕迹。抿一口留在口中回味,它的甘甜中有一丝苦涩,如人生一般复杂迷离。喝一口下肚,余香沁人心脾,让人终身受益。红酒越陈越美味,生活越丰富越美好。当人生走向晚年,就如一瓶待开封的好酒,其色彩是沉静的,味道中充满慷慨与智慧。
____Thewaterleftinthekettle,thedoctorputseveralthingsheunwrappedfromahandkerchief.