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请回答自耗电极安装的基本要求和注意事项。

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正确答案:

自耗电极安装的基本要求有二,其一是必须牢固(焊接时要焊牢),以保证熔炼过程中不脱落、不松动。因脱落会造成强迫停炉或击穿结晶器;松动易在把持器和电极间隙处起弧烧坏把持器或者把辅助电极焊死在把持器上,同样造成停炉或电极摆动击穿结晶器而造成事故。其二是电极必须装正,与结晶器轴线重合。否则电极偏离中心,在间隙小一方易产生边弧烧坏结晶器。

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