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简述英国普选制演变的意义:

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英国是世界上最早确立现代选举制度的国家之一,选举制度的演变历程具有典型意义。光荣革命后建立起来的资产阶级政权虽然在1689年权利法案中规定国会议员实行自由选举,但是选民资格仍然受到很多限制,至使拥有选举权的人数远远不能达到资产阶级已经灌输给社会的自由平等的政治理想,因此,英国的选举进行了多次改革。1832年议会制定英格兰与威尔士人民代表法,实行选举改革。随着工人运动的发展,英国又于1867年再次修改选举法,使城市工作获得了选举权。1883年,公布取缔选举舞弊法,规定了选举费用限额和选举舞弊的刑罚。1949年,人民代表法统一规定了地方和全国选举的选民资格。1970年,英国男女公民的选举年年龄全国各地均降为18岁,至此才最终形成了比较成熟的普选制。英国的选举仅仅意味着对下院议员的选举,国王和上院议员则不经选举,内阁由议会产生。

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