名词解释：艾森曼格(Eisenmenger)综合征。
左向右分流型先天性心脏病病程进展到晚期，由于肺循环血量长期大量增多，压力增高，使肺小动脉管壁平滑肌增生.内膜增厚而产生梗阻型肺动脉高压，血液自右逆向左分流，机体出现永久性紫绀时，则称为艾森门格(Eisenmenger)综合
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Ifyouexplainedthesituationtoyoursolicitor,he_____abletoadviseyoumuchbetterthanIcan.
The（） inJanet‘scharacterhashinderedherfroomadvancementinhercareer.
Ifyourcar_____anyattentionduringthefirst12months,takeittoauthorizeddealer.
Thetouristtradeisbooming.Withallthiscomingandgoing，you'dexpectgreaterunderstandingodevelopbetweenthenationsoftheworld.Notabitofit!Superbsystemsofcommunicationbyair，seaandlandmakeitpossibleforustovisiteachother'scountriesatamoderatecost.Whatwasoncethe'grandtour'，reservedforonlytheveryrich，isnowwithineverybody'sgrasp?
Thepackagetourandcharteredflightsarenottobesneeredat.Moderntravelersenjoyalevelofcomfortwhichthelordsandladiesongrandtoursintheolddayscouldn'thavedreamedof.Butwhat'sthesenseofthismassexchangeofpopulationsifthenationsoftheworldremainbasicallyignorantofeachother?
Manytouristorganizationsaredirectlyresponsibleforthisstateofaffairs.Theydeliberatelysetouttoprotecttheirclientsfromtoomuchcontactwiththelocalpopulation.Themoderntouristleadsacosseted，shelteredlife.Helivesatinternationalhotels，whereheeatshisinternationalfoodandsipshisinternationaldrinkwhilehegazesatthenativesfromadistance.Conductedtourstoplacesofinterestarecarefullycensored.Thetouristisallowedtoseeonlywhattheorganizerswanthimtoseeandnomore.Astrictschedulemakesitimpossibleforthetouristtowanderoffonhisown;andanyway，languageisalwaysabarrier，soheisonlytoohappytobeprotectedinthisway.Atitsveryworst，thisleadstoanewandhideouskindofcolonization.
Thesummerquartersoftheinhabitantsoftheciteuniversitaire：aretemporarilyreestablishedontheislandofCorfu.BlackpoolisrecreatedatTorremolinoswherethetravelergoesnottoeatpaella，butfishandchips.Thesadthingaboutthissituationisthatitleadstothepersistenceofnationalstereotypes.Wedon'tseethepeopleofothernationsastheyreallyare，butaswehavebeenbroughtuptobelievetheyare.Youcantestthisforyourself.Takefivenationalities，say，French，German，English，AmericanandItalian.Nowinyourmind，matchthemwiththesefiveadjectives：musical，amorous，cold，pedantic，native.Farfromprovidinguswithanyinsightintothenationalcharacteristicsofthepeoplesjustmentioned，theseadjectivesactuallyactasbarriers.Sowhenyousetoutonyourtravels，theonlycharacteristicsyounoticearethosewhichconfirmyourpreconceptions.Youcomeawaywiththehighlyunoriginalandinaccurateimpressionthat，say，'Anglo-Saxonsarehypocrites'ofthat'Latinpeoplesshoutalot'.Youonlyhavetomakeafewforeignfriendstounderstandhowabsurdandharmfulnationalstereotypesare.Buthowcanyoumakeforeignfriendswhenthetouristtradedoesitsbesttopreventyou?Carriedtoanextreme，stereotypescanbepositivelydangerous.Wildgeneralizationsstirupracialhatredandblindustothebasicfact〞howtriteitsounds!每Thatallpeoplearehuman.Weareallsimilartoeachotherandatthesametimeallunique.
1.Thebesttitleforthispassageis
[A]Tourismcontributesnothingtoincreasingunderstandingbetweennations.
[B]Tourismistiresome.
[C]Conductedtourisdull.
[D]Tourismreallydoessomethingtoone'scountry.
2.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardtourism?
[A]apprehensive.[B]negative.[C]critical.[D]appreciative.
3.WhichwordinthefollowingisthebesttosummarizeLatinpeopleshoutalot?
[A]silent.[B]noisy.[C]lively.[D]active.
4.Thepurposeoftheauthor'scriticismistopointout
[A]conductedtourisdisappointing.
[B]thewayoftouringshouldbechanged.
[C]whentraveling，younoticecharacteristicswhichconfirmpreconception.
[D]nationalstereotypesshouldbechanged.
5.Whatis'grandtour'now?
[A]moderatecost.
[B]localsight-seeingisinvestigatedbythetouristorganization.
[C]peopleenjoythefirst-ratecomforts.
[D]everybodycanenjoythe'grandtour'
TEXTB
Whatweknowofprenataldevelopmentmakesallthisattemptmadebyamothertomoldthecharacterofherunbornchildbystudyingpoetry,art,ormathematicsduringpregnancyseemutterlyimpossible.Howcould
suchextremelycomplexinfluencespassfromthemothertothechild?Thereisnoconnectionbetweentheirnervoussystems.Eventhebloodvesselsofmotherandchilddonotjoindirectly.Anemotionalshocktothemotherwillaffectherchild,becauseitchangestheactivityofherglandsandsothechemistryherblood.Anychemicalchangeinthemother'sbloodwillaffectthechildforbetterorworse.Butwecannotseehowalooking
formathematicsorpoeticgeniuscanbedissolvedinbloodandproduceasimilarlikingorgeniusinthechild.
Inourdiscussionofinstinctswesawthattherewasreasontobelievethatwhateverweinheritmustbeof
someverysimplesortratherthananycomplicatedorverydefinitekindofbehavior.Itiscertainthatnoone
inheritsaknowledgeofmathematics.Itmaybe,however,thatchildreninheritmoreorlessofarathergeneral
abilitythatwemaycallintelligence.Ifveryintelligentchildrenbecomedeeplyinterestedinmathematics,they
willprobablymakeasuccessofthatstudy.
Asformusicalability,itmaybethatwhatisinheritedisanespeciallysensitiveear,apeculiarstructureofthe
handsorthevocalorgansconnectionsbetweennervesandmusclesthatmakeitcomparativelyeasytolearnthe
movementsamusicianmustexecute,andparticularlyvigorousemotions.Ifthesefactorsareallorganized
aroundmusic,thechildmaybecomeamusician.Thesamefactors,inothercircumstancemightbeorganized
aboutsomeothercenterofinterest.Therichemotionalequipmentmightfindexpressioninpoetry.Thecapable
fingersmightdevelopskillinsurgery.Itisnottheknowledgeofmusicthatisinherited,thennoreventheloveof
it,butacertainbodilystructurethatmakesitcomparativelyeasytoacquiremusicalknowledgeandskill.
Whetherthatabilityshallbedirectedtowardmusicorsomeotherundertakingmaybedecidedentirelybyforces
intheenvironmentinwhichachildgrowsup.
6.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue?
A.Somemotherstrytoinfluencetheirunbornchildrenbystudyingartandothersubjectsduringtheir
pregnancy.
B.Itisutterlyimpossibleforustolearnanythingaboutprenataldevelopment.
C.Thebloodvesselsofmotherandchilddonotjoindirectly.
D.Therearenoconnectionbetweenmother'snervoussystemsandherunbornchild's.
7.Amotherwillaffectherunbornbabyontheconditionthat____.
A.sheisemotionallyshocked
B.shehasagoodknowledgeofinheritance
C.shetakespartinallkindofactivities
D.shestickstostudying
8.Accordingtothepassage,achildmayinherit____.
A.everythingfromhismotherB.aknowledgeofmathematics
C.arathergeneralabilitythatwecallintelligence
D.hermother'smusicalability
9.Ifachildinheritssomethingfromhismother,suchasanespeciallysensitiveear,apeculiarstructureofthe
handsorofthevocalorgans,hewill____.
A.surelybecomemusician
B.mostlybecomeapoet
C.possiblybecomeateacher
D.becomeamusicianontheconditionthatallthesefactorsareorganizedaroundmusic
10.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?
A.RoleofInheritance.
B.AnUnbornChild.
C.Functionofinstincts.
D.InheritedTalents.
