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Passage 2
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:
In order to learn to be one’s true self, it is necessary to obtain a wide and
extensive knowledge of what has been said and done in the world; critically to
inquire into it; carefully to consider it; clearly to analyze it; and earnestly
to carry it out.
It matters not what you learn, but when you once learn a thing, you must
never give it up until you have mastered it. It matters not what you inquire
into, but when you once inquire into a thing, you must never give it up until
you have thoroughly understood it. It matters not what you try to think out, but
when you once try to think out a thing, you must never give it up until you have
got what you want. It matters not what you try to carry out, but when you once
carry out a thing, you must never give it up until you have don’t it thoroughly
and well.
If another man succeeds by one effort, you will use a hundred efforts. If
another man succeeds by ten efforts, you will use a thousand.
6. According to the author, first of all one must .
A. analyze B. inquire C. obtain knowledge D. act
7. According to the author, .
A. learning is not important B. thinking is not necessary
C. knowledge means little D. it is not important what we learn
8. The end of learning should be .
A. thought B. mastery C. inquiry D. analysis
9. According to the author, another man’s success should .
A. make greater efforts B. make us nervous
C. not be taken into consideration D. cause one to stop trying
10. The author implies but does not say what .
A. the way to knowledge is through specialization
B. one has to know everything to be successful
C. success depends not so much on natural ability as it does on effort
D. success in one’s profession is latest important in one’s life
What does the future hold for the problem of housing? A good deal depends, of
course, on the meaning of “future”. If one is thinking in terms of science
fiction and the space age, it is at least possible to assume that man will have
solved such trivial and earthly problems as housing. Writers of science fiction,
from H.G. Wells onwards, have had little to say on the subject. They have
conveyed the suggestion that men will live in great comfort, with every
conceivable apparatus to make life smooth, healthy and easy, if not happy. But
they have not said what his house will be made of. Perhaps some new building
material, as yet unimagined, will have been discovered or invented at least. One
may be certain that bricks and mortar(泥灰，灰浆) will long have gone out of
fashion.
But the problems of the next generation or two can more readily be imagined.
Scientists have already pointed out that unless something is done either to
restrict the world’s rapid growth in population or to discover and develop new
sources of food (or both), millions of people will be dying of starvation or at
the best suffering from underfeeding before this century is out. But nobody has
yet worked out any plan for housing these growing populations. Admittedly the
worst situations will occur in the hottest parts of the world, where housing can
be light structure or in backward areas where standards are traditionally low.
But even the minimum shelter requires materials of some kind and in the teeming,
bulging towns the low-standard “housing” of flattened petrol cans and dirty
canvas is far more wasteful of ground space than can be tolerated.
Since the war, Hong Kong has suffered the kind of crisis which is likely to
arise in many other places during the next generation. Literally millions of
refugees arrived to swell the already growing population and emergency steps had
to be taken rapidly to prevent squalor(肮脏)and disease and the spread crime. The
city is tackling the situation energetically and enormous blocks of
tenements(贫民住宅)are rising at an astonishing aped. But Hong Kong is only one
small part of what will certainly become a vast problem and not merely a housing
problem, because when population grows at this rate there are accompanying
problems of education, transport, hospital services, drainage, water supply and
so on. Not every area may give the same resources as Hong Kong to draw upon and
the search for quicker and cheaper methods of construction must never cease.
1.What is the author’s opinion of housing problems in the first
paragraph?
A.They may be completely solved at sometime in the future.
B.They are unimportant and easily dealt with.
C.They will not be solved until a new building material has been
discovered.
D.They have been dealt with in specific detail in books describing the
future.
2.The writer is sure that in the distant future ___.
A.bricks and mortar will be replaced by some other building material.
B.a new building material will have been invented.
C.bricks and mortar will not be used by people who want their house to be
fashionable.
D.a new way of using bricks and mortar will have been discovered.
3.The writer believes that the biggest problem likely to confront the world
before the end of the century ___.
A.is difficult to foresee.
B.will be how to feed the ever growing population.
C.will be how to provide enough houses in the hottest parts of the world.
D.is the question of finding enough ground space.
4.When the writer says that the worst situations will occur in the hottest
parts of the world or in backward areas, he is referring to the fact that in
these parts ___.
A.standards of building are low.
B.only minimum shelter will be possible.
C.there is not enough ground space.
D.the population growth will be the greatest.
5.Which of the following sentences best summarizes Paragraph 3?
A.Hong Kong has faced a serious crisis caused by millions of refugees.
B.Hong Kong has successfully dealt with the emergency caused by millions of
refugees.
C.Hong Kong’s crisis was not only a matter of housing but included a number
of other problems of population growth.
D.Many parts of the world may have to face the kind of problems encountered
by Hong Kong and may find it much harder to deal with them.
Scattered through the seas of the world are billions of tons of small plants
and animals called plankton. Most of these plants and animals are too small for
the human eye to see. They drift about lazily with the currents, providing a
basic food for many larger animals. Plankton has been described as the
equivalent of the grasses that grow on the dry land continents, and the
comparison is an appropriate one. In potential food value however, plankton far
outweighs that of the land grasses. One scientist has estimated that while
grasses of the world produce about 49 billion tons of valuable carbohydrates
each year. The sea’s plankton generates more than twice as much.
Despite its enormous food potential, little effort was made until recently to
farm plankton as we farm grasses on land. Now marine scientists have at last
begun to study this possibility, especially as the sea’s resources loom even
more important as a means of feeding an expanding world population.
No one yet has seriously suggested that “planktonburgers” may soon become
popular around the world. As a possible farmed supplementary food source,
however, plankton is gaining considerable interest among marine scientists.
One type of plankton that seems to have great harvest possibilities is a tiny
shrimplike creature called krill. Growing to two or three inches long, krill
provide the major food for the giant blue whale, the largest animal ever to
inhabit the Earth. Realizing that this whale may grow 100 feet and weigh 150
tons at maturity, it is not surprising that each one devours more than one ton
of krill daily.
Krill swim about just below the surface in huge schools sometimes miles wide,
mainly in the cold Antarctic. Because of their pink color, they often appear as
a solid reddish mass when viewed from a ship or from the air. Krill are very
high in food value. A pound of these crustaceans contains about 460
calories—about the same as shrimp or lobster, to which they are related.
If the krill can feed such huge creatures as whales, many scientists reason,
they must certainly be contenders as new food source for humans.
1.Which of the following best portrays the organization of the passage?
A.The author presents the advantages and disadvantages of plankton as a food
source.
B.The author quotes public opinion to support the argument for farming
plankton.
C.The author classifies the different food sources according to amount of
carbohydrate.
D.The author makes a general statement about plankton as a food source and
then moves to a specific example.
2.According to the passage, why is plankton regarded to be more valuable than
land grasses?
A.It is easier to cultivate.
B.It produces more carbohydrates.
C.It does not require soil.
D.It is more palatable.
3.Why does the author mention “planktonburgers”?
A.To describe the appearance of one type of plankton.
B.To illustrate how much plankton a whale consumes.
C.To suggest plankton as a possible food sources.
D.To compare the food values of beef and plankton.
4.What is mentioned as one conspicuous feature of krill?
A.They are the smallest marine animals.
B.They are pink in color.
C.They are similar in size to lobsters.
D.They have grass like bodies.
5.The author mentions all of the following as reasons why plankton could be
considered a human food source except that it is ___.
A.high in food value.
B.in abundant supply in the oceans.
C.an appropriate food for other animals.
D.free of chemicals and pollutants.
Part III Cloze
Directions: There are twenty blanks in the following passage. For each blank
there are four choices. Choose the one that best fits into the passage and then
marks your answer on the Answer Sheet.
In 1982, Mark Thatcher, the son of Mrs. Thatcher was reported 61 in the
Sahara Desert while competing in the Grand Prix motor race from Paris to Dakar.
This sad news, so 62 , shook the usually calm and unperturbed seasoned
politician 63 her balance. Though she did her best to pretend as if 64 had
happened and made her public appearances as usual, people could not 65 to notice
that she was no longer the old 66 prime minister who always had everything 67
control. 68 she had become a very sad mother who was unable to recover from her
shock.
One day, when she was to speak at a luncheon party, a reporter caught her 69
her guard by 70 up the subject of her missing son again. She was totally
mentally 71 for the question and lost her self control. Tears were rolling down
her eyes as she sobbingly told the reporter that there 72 still no news of Mark
and that she was very worried about him. She said that all the countries 73 had
promised to do their best to help her find her son. 74 that she broke down
completely and sobbed silently for quite a while. Gradually she 75 down and
started to speak as 76. it was a very moving scene which 77 a new side of Mrs.
Thatcher’s character the public do not usually see, 78 people began to talk
about the Iron Woman’s maternal love, a sentiment that is 79 to all human
kind.
Later Mark returned 80 and sound to his mother’s side, good-humored and all
smiles as usual, as if nothing unusual had ever happened. The Iron Woman,
however, broke down again as was sobbing for the second time.
61. A. missing B. missed C. wanting D. wanted
62. A. expected B. expecting C. unexpected D. unexpecting
63. A. with B. on C. out D. off
64. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
65. A. miss B. fail C. pretend D. expect
66. A. reassured B. self-assured C. assuring D. self-assuring
67. A. for B. beneath C. below D. under
68. A. Instead B. however C. Therefore D. So
69. A. into B. out of C. on D. off
70. A. putting B. bringing C. taking D. giving
71. A. ready B. prepared C. unprepared D. unexpected
72. A. was B. were C. should be D. would be
73. A. concerning B. concerned C. worrying D. worried
74. A. At B. Before C. After D. With
75. A. sat B. broke C. calmed D. became
76. A. planned B. planning C. plans D. a plan
77. A. explained B. exposed C. excluded D. exclaimed
78. A. however B. instead C. so D. but
79. A. universal B. unique C. single D. strange
80. A. safe B. safely C. sight D. hearing
