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简述气压对航空器起飞和着陆的影响?

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正确答案:

气压是影响飞行安全的重要气象要素之一。气压对飞行的影响,主要有两个方面,一方面气压变小(空气密度减小)时,航空器离地(或接地)速度和起飞(或着陆)滑跑距离增大;另一方面航空器在起飞和着陆时,飞行人员在对气压高度表进行拨正时,如果使用的修正海平面气压比实际数值大,就会造成航空器进场过低,可能造成航空器提前着陆或场外着陆;如果使用的修正海平面气压比实际数值小,就会造成航空器进场过高, 可能造成航空器复飞。两者差值越大,对航空器起飞和着陆的影响越大,甚至会造成机毁人亡的飞行事故。

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